英闻天天译: 早产是婴儿死亡的主因
作者：沪江英语
来源：沪江部落
2014-12-05 06:00
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SUMMARY：
早产是导致婴儿死亡的主要原因
CONTENT：
The tide is turning on child mortality. For the first time, infectious diseases like measles, malaria and diarrhoea are no longer the leading killers of young children around the world. That position is now taken by complications resulting from premature birth, a problem for both wealthy and low-income countries.
While deaths from infectious diseases have been steadily declining as a result of research and medical intervention, preterm birth has remained a much more difficult problem, say the authors of a recent study that collated child mortality rates and their associated causes between 2000 and 2013. For the purposes of their research, preterm birth was defined as any child born at less than 32 weeks.
Of the 6.3 million children around the world who died before the age of 5 last year, 1.1 million died from complications associated with being born early. This was more than those who lost their lives to any single infectious disease. The next biggest killers were pneumonia, complications during delivery such as a lack of oxygen and congenital abnormalities. Taken together, the number of deaths from all infections is still higher than the combined number of neonatal problems, but only by 6 per cent. "This really marks a tipping point," says Joy Lawn, a perinatal epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, who was part of the team that collated the data. "It shows where people have invested."
While deaths from infectious diseases have been steadily declining as a result of research and medical intervention, preterm birth has remained a much more difficult problem, say the authors of a recent study that collated child mortality rates and their associated causes between 2000 and 2013. For the purposes of their research, preterm birth was defined as any child born at less than 32 weeks.
Of the 6.3 million children around the world who died before the age of 5 last year, 1.1 million died from complications associated with being born early. This was more than those who lost their lives to any single infectious disease. The next biggest killers were pneumonia, complications during delivery such as a lack of oxygen and congenital abnormalities. Taken together, the number of deaths from all infections is still higher than the combined number of neonatal problems, but only by 6 per cent. "This really marks a tipping point," says Joy Lawn, a perinatal epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, who was part of the team that collated the data. "It shows where people have invested."
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本期节目参考译文：（参考译文由该节目主持人提供，仅供参考，欢迎大家讨论）
参考译文1：
导致儿童死亡率的原因和以往不同了。比如像麻疹、疟疾和痢疾等传染病不再是世界上导致儿童死亡率最高的头号杀手病了。早产引发的并发症是目前导致儿童死亡的主要原因，这个问题不论是在富有还是贫穷的地方都有。
最近研究2000年至2003年导致儿童死亡的原因以及儿童死亡率的人员称，因为医学的发展以及药物的干预，由传染病导致的死亡率正在稳步下降，而早产相对来说是一个更难的难题。根据他们的研究目的，早产儿被定义为少于32周就降生的孩子。
去年有630万五岁以下的儿童死亡，其中110万死于早产并发症。这个数字比任何一个传染病导致的儿童死亡人数都要多。导致儿童死亡的第二大杀手是肺炎，产中由于缺氧和先天畸形导致的并发症。总的来说，由感染导致的死亡儿童数还是要高于新生儿问题而导致的儿童死亡数，但是仅仅只超过6%。根据伦敦卫生和热带医学院的生产前后流行病学家乔伊·劳恩（也是该数据整理小组的成员之一）的研究，“这个百分之六是个临界点，督促我们在新的领域加紧投入研究。”
最近研究2000年至2003年导致儿童死亡的原因以及儿童死亡率的人员称，因为医学的发展以及药物的干预，由传染病导致的死亡率正在稳步下降，而早产相对来说是一个更难的难题。根据他们的研究目的，早产儿被定义为少于32周就降生的孩子。
去年有630万五岁以下的儿童死亡，其中110万死于早产并发症。这个数字比任何一个传染病导致的儿童死亡人数都要多。导致儿童死亡的第二大杀手是肺炎，产中由于缺氧和先天畸形导致的并发症。总的来说，由感染导致的死亡儿童数还是要高于新生儿问题而导致的儿童死亡数，但是仅仅只超过6%。根据伦敦卫生和热带医学院的生产前后流行病学家乔伊·劳恩（也是该数据整理小组的成员之一）的研究，“这个百分之六是个临界点，督促我们在新的领域加紧投入研究。”
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