考 点 探 究

互动探究•能力备考

Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

1.harmful adj. 有害的;伤害的

harm n.&vt. 损伤;伤害

harmless adj. 无害的

harmlessness n. 无害

be harmful to 对……有害

do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害

do more harm than good 弊大于利

There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。

It does (no) harm (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事有(无)害处。

mean no harm 没有恶意

[即学即练1]

(1)Fruit juice can ______ __________ ______ children‘s teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。

(2)What he did _________ his reputation.他所做的损害了他的名声。

答案:be harmful to;harmed

(3)He may look fierce, but he _________ ______ ______.他可能看上去很凶,但并无恶意。

(4)The court case will ______ ______ ______ ______ my business.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。

答案:means no harm;do serious harm to

2.exist vi. 存在;生存;维持生活

existent adj. 存在的,现存的 existence n. 存在,生存

There exists/existed....某地有……,存在……

exist in 存在于……之中

exist on 靠……为生

exist by 靠……生存

come into existence 开始存在;成立

bring into existence 使发生,产生

[即学即练2]

(1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 两物体间总是存在着吸引力。

(2)They ______ ______ very little food.他们靠极少的食物来生存。

(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English. 英语中没有这个词。

答案:There exists;exist on;exist

(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______. 鱼离开水就不能生存。

(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________?世界是什么时候开始产生的?

答案:exist;out of water;come into existence

3.puzzle vt. 使困惑;使糊涂 n. 难题;谜

puzzling adj. 令人困惑的

puzzled adj. 感到困惑的

puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索;仔细琢磨

puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案;开动脑筋

be in a puzzle about sth. 对某事迷惑不解

set a puzzle for sb.(=set sb. a puzzle) 出个谜语叫某人猜

be puzzled by 被……迷惑

[即学即练3]

(1)It's quite ______ ______ ______ us why he did that.他为何做那样的事,我们完全搞不懂。

(2)This sentence _________ me. 这个句子令我困惑。

(3)I ______ ________ how to solve the problem.我不知道怎样解决这个问题。

(4)The question is ________ to me. 这个问题令我困惑。

答案:a puzzle to;puzzles;was puzzled;puzzling

4.in one’s turn轮到某人;接着

in turn依次;轮流;转而;反过来

by turns轮流;交替

take one’s turn轮到某人做……了

take turns依次;轮班,轮流

on the turn正在转变,正在变化

out of turn不合时宜地,鲁莽地

[即学即练4]

(1)The girls called out their names ______ ______.那些女孩儿逐一报出了自己的名字。

(2)We make every effort to make more films, and ______ ______ this creates further environmental pollution.我们在竭力生产出更多的电影,反过来这又造成了进一步的环境污染。

答案:in turn;in turn

(3)We kept watch ______ ______.=We ______ ______ to keep watch.我们轮流守望。

答案:by turns;took turns

5.prevent...from 阻止;制止

stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

protect sb. from...保护某人不受……侵袭,挡住,防御

keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事