Ⅱ.重点句型详解

1．It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England...

我很高兴遇见你们这些来自英国的学生……

pleasure 本来是抽象名词，在此句中具体化，意思是“乐事；快事”。

①It‘s a pleasure to meet you.

认识你是十分高兴的事。

②She has few pleasures left in life.

她生活中已没有什么乐趣了。

拓展：抽象名词的具体化是高考的常考点之一，现总结如下：(1)表示具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，且表示变化了的词义时，这类抽象名词由于已具体化，

故可变为可数名词。如：

a pleasure 乐事   a success 成功的人或事

a surprise 奇异的事 a failure 失败的人或事

a pity 可惜的事 a must 必要的事

a worry 令人担忧的事 a wonder 奇迹

a great help 有帮助的人或事 a youth 年轻人

a danger 危险的人或物 a beauty 美人

(2)表示抽象的特性、状态、思维、行为的一次、一种、一类、一下、一顿等意思时，常可组成“a/an＋抽象名

词”或“a/an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。如：

have a sleep 睡觉　die a death 死

take a great interest 表现极大的兴趣

take a look 看　get a high opinion 得到很高的评价

make an apology 道歉

have a good time 玩得高兴

an art 一种艺术

a delicious breakfast (lunch, supper) 可口的早餐(午餐、晚餐)

[即境活用1]　She is ______ success, ______ woman as she is.

A．/; /　　　 B．a; a          C．/; a        D．a; /

答案：D

解析：考查冠词。第一空填a,表示“一位成功人士”；第二空 as引导让步状语从句时，句子需倒装且名词前不填冠词。

2．We have_been_excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might

have kept the fire burning all winter.

我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。

(1)句中的have been doing是现在完成进行时。

完成进行时是现在完成时的强调形式，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去，通常与表

示一段时间的状语连用，如：for hours, since this morning等，其构成是“have/has＋been＋现在分词”。

I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven’t found it.

我已经花了三天的时间找我丢失的书，但还没有找到。

【注意】现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：

①二者都可以表示动作的延续，区别在于：前者更强调动作的延续性，可以说是后者的强调形式。

We have been living here for ten years.(强调还要继续住下去)

We have lived here for ten years.(不知道是否已经结束)

②在无时间状语的情况下，前者表示动作仍在进行，而后者则表示动作在过去已结束。

The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)

The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)

(2)句中的suggest含义为“暗示，表明”，后面接从句时不用虚拟语气。

His pale face suggests he is in bad health.

他面色苍白，说明他身体不好。

当suggest含义为“建议，提出”时，后面跟从句时要用虚拟语气that sb. should do.

I suggested to him that we should handle the problem another way.

我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。

The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.

牙医建议她改天再来。

[即境活用2]　(1)The two countries ______ to maintain their military equation for many years.

A．tried         B．was trying        C．have tried            D．have been trying

答案：D

(2)The suggestion that the mayor ______ the prizes was accepted by everyone.

A．would present         B．present      C．presents         D．ought to present

答案：B

3．Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

她突然坐下，结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜抱了起来。

only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna是不定式做结果状语，多表示意料之外的结果。

He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。

提示：－ing 形式做结果状语多表示由于前边的动作自然而然地导致后边的结果。如：

①They can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. 它们可以在两分钟之内把一个人吃光，只剩骨头。

②European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport.

有80多个国家踢欧式足球，这使得它成为最流行的运动。

[即境活用3]　The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left.

A．to tell B．to be told   C．telling D．told

答案：B

解析：only＋to do 常做结果状语，故排除C、D两项。根据句意可知是“别人告诉记者”，the news reporters 做主语，需用被动式。