2011年山东省青岛市中考英语真题及答案
Ⅵ. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，做出正确的判断或选出最佳答案。A篇为判断正误正（A）误（B）B、C篇为选择题。（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
A
Want to say "hello" from Disneyland? Send a post card!
Beautiful scenes of paradise (乐园), wild animals, silly pictures — you can find them all in one place. Where? On a post card! Have people always sent post cards? No. Before post cards, people liked sealed letters.
The idea for the first decorated (装饰) post card came to John P. Charlton in 1861. He thought a simple card with decorations would be a great way to send a note. Then in the late 1800s, post cards with pictures appeared. By law, people had to write their note on the front ——on the picture! The back was only for the address. Several years later, England allowed a divided-back post card. Then people could write their note on the back left side and put the address on the right. During the early 1900s, the golden age of post cards, picture post cards became a craze of the world. In 1908, Americans alone mailed over 677 million post cards. Today, post cards are the third most popular collection in the world after stamps and coins.
36. We can see some silly pictures on the post cards.
37. Post cards were produced before sealed letters.
38. In 1861, the first decorated post card appeared.
39. Post cards were most popular during the early 1900s.
40. Stamps, coins and post cards are the most popular collections in the world.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是明信片的发展历程及在社会上的地位。
36. B【解析】 由第一段可知在on a post card我们可以看到Beautiful scenes of paradise (乐园), wild animals, silly pictures，而不仅仅是silly pictures。
37. B【解析】 由. Before post cards, people liked sealed letters.“在明信片之前，人们喜欢戴印章的信。”可知信早于明信片。
38. A【解析】由第三段第一句话可知第一张被修饰的明信片于1861年现身于世。
39. A【解析】根据第三段的倒数第三句可知在二十世纪初明信片是最受欢迎的。
40. A【解析】根据最后一段的最后一句可知邮票、硬币和明信片是当今世界最受欢迎的收藏。
B
Here's an interview to a pilot about his life.
(R=Reporter; P= Pilot)
R: How much time do pilots actually spend flying a plane
P: It varies (WES'J) from about 20 minutes on some domestic (区别) flights to as much as 18 hours on international flights. It all depends on if the flight is a short- or long-haul flight.
R: Do pilots take breaks during flights or do they fly the whole time?
P: Yes, we take breaks during long-haul flights. Airlines assign (指派) three or four pilots to long flights. We take turns flying the plane.
R: If pilots are traveling all the time, how do they deal with jet lag (时差)?
P: Jet lag is annoying for almost all pilots. I try to go to sleep as I would at home.
R: How important is it to know the weight and size of the plane you are flying?
P: It is very important. We weigh almost everything put into the airplane and make estimates (估计) according to the number of people on each flight.
R: Do pilots eat the airplane food?
P: Yes, we eat business class food! Airplane food changes every season and is very delicious if you don't hate eating lobster (龙虾) every day! The pilots on the same plane are supposed to make different meal choices so that if one of the dishes causes food poisoning, only one of them will be sick. That way, at least one pilot will always be well enough to fly the plane!
41. The number of pilots depends on _.
A. how many hours a plane flies B. what kind of planes they are
C. the airline companies assign D. what the pilot likes
42. In order to know the weight of the airplane, the pilots must know_ __.
A. the weight of everything put into the plane
B. the number of people on the plane
C. the weight of the things and people on the plane
D. the importance of the weight
43. What's the Chinese meaning of the word "poisoning" in the passage?
A. 中毒 B. 难吃 C. 缺少 D.浪费
44. What does the pilot think of the airplane food?
A. Airplane food is more delicious than lobster.
B. The pilot suggests having airplane food instead of lobster.
C. The pilot doesn't like the airplane food at all.
D. Airplane food is as delicious as lobster.
45. What question doesn't the reporter ask in the interview?
A. How to keep passengers safe?
B. How long do pilots actually spend flying a plane?
C. How to deal with jet lag?
D. How to take breaks during flying.
41. A 【解析】由It all depends on if the flight is a short- or long-haul flight.“都取决于这架飞机是长途的还是短途的”可知答案选A。
42.C 【解析】由We weigh almost everything put into the airplane and make estimates (估计) according to the number of people on each flight.可知如果要知道飞机的重量，除了要称飞机上所有事物的重量还要知道飞机上的人有多重，故答案选C。
43. A 【解析】由he pilots on the same plane are supposed to make different meal choices…“飞机上的飞行员应该吃不同的饭菜……”和only one of them will be sick.“只有一个生病”可知答案选A。
44.D 【解析】由Airplane food changes every season and is very delicious可知飞机上饭菜很美味可口，故答案选D。
45.A【解析】通读全文可知记者就是没有问道如何保证乘客的安全，故答案选A。
C
Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around. So, more and more teachers are letting students have a ball. By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs, teachers find students' posture (姿势) and attention improve.
Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA, has been using balls as chairs since December 2008. "The students love them", she says. Pownall took a survey of her students. She found that 80% of the students thought sitting on the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning.
The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strongly about the use of balls as chairs, she started Witt Fitt. This company encourages the use of the balls. And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them. "Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puert o Rico ('波多黎各) and Japan," says Witt. "Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter. You can slouch (低头垂肩地坐) on a ball," says Witt, "but it feels awful." Because the students are moving, their blood (血液) increases. That carries more oxygen (氧气 to the brain (大脑), so the kids have more energy and can focus longer.
"Furthermore, they're fun." says Pownali.
46. What will happen if a student sits on a chair all day in school? The student will _________.
A. pay more attention to his lessons B. be fun
C. like to move around D. sit up straighter
47. How long has Dottie Pownall used the balls?
A. About three years. B. Only one year.
C. In 2008. D. Since he was a fifth-grade teacher.
48. In how many countries are the balls used as the students' chairs?
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. One.
49. Teachers choose balls instead of chairs because sitting on balls helps the kids___________.
A. improve the students' posture and attention B. slouch on the chairs
C. have fun D. Both A and C are correct answers.
50. Which is better for kids to study in class, sitting on a chair or sitting on a ball?
A. Sitting on a chair. B. Sitting on a ball.
C. They are the same. D. We don't know.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。通过学生们坐在球上学习的积极作用论证了这一做法的有效性和实用性。
46.C 【解析】 由第一句话Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around.“在学校里坐在椅子上太久了就想四处走动一下。” 可知答案选C。
47.A 【解析】 根据第二段第一句中的 since December 2008“自从2008年12月份起”可知到现在大约三年了，故答案选A。
48. A 【解析】 通读全文可知这种balls在文中在这四个国家应用：USA, Canada, Puerto Rico ('波多黎各) and Japan，故答案是A。
49. D 【解析】 由第一段的最后一句和最后一段的最后一句可知这种球的功效，故答案选D。
50. B【解析】通读全文可知本文讲的是坐在球上学习的好处，故答案B正和此意，所以答案选B。