易 错 点 拨

自我完善•误区备考

1. defeat/beat/win

这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。

(1)defeat和beat是同义词，其宾语必须是“人或一个集体”。如a team, a class, a school, an army等。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人，beat常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中常替换使用。

(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，常带的宾语有：game, war, prize, fame, battle等。win还可作为不及物动词来用。

[应用1]　用defeat, beat, win填空

(1)He ____________ all his opponents in the election.

(2)Peasants ______ the drought and reaped a good harvest.

(3)After a hearttoheart talk, I ______ his belief at last.

答案是：defeated/beat；beat；won

(4)The enemy’s plot was _________ very soon.

(5)We wouldn’t have ______without your help.

(6)Mary ______ first prize for swimming.

答案是：defeated；won；won

2. cure/treat/heal

(1)treat指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，treat sb. for sth.医治某人……病；还可作“对待，看待”讲，treat...as把……看作/视为。

(2)cure意为“治愈，痊愈”，特别指病后的恢复健康。其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也可接sb. of再加表示疾病的名词。另外，还可作“矫正，纠正”解，借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等。

(3)heal意为“治愈”，多用于治愈外伤，如：wound, cut, injury, burn等。

[应用2]　(1)He _________ his students as his own children.他把学生看作自己的孩子。

(2)The doctors are trying to ______ him with a new drug.医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病。

(3)His wound is _________ over.他的伤口正在愈合。

(4)The medicine will ______ you of your cough.这药能治好你的咳嗽。

(5)When I left hospital I was completely ______.出院时我已完全康复了。

答案是：treated;treat;healing;cure;cured

3. announce/declare

(1)announce宣布；宣告(含有“预告”的意思)，尤其是大家所关心的或有新闻价值的事情的宣布。用announce说个人要做某事，常常含有“郑重其事”的意思。

(2)declare宣布(如公开声明战争、和平、中立、意见等)，用于正式场合。

[应用3]　(1)This powerful country _________ war on that small country.这个大国向那个小国宣战。

(2)It was ___________ that there would be a celebration on Sunday.据宣布，星期日要举行庆祝(活动)。

答案是：declared;announced

4. apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/except/except for/except that/besides

apart from 除……之外(既可以表示 except或 except for，也可以表示 besides)

in addition 也；另外；此外；还(相当于副词 besides)

in addition to 除……以外还(相当于介词 besides)

as well as 还；既……又……；也(相当于介词 besides)

except (＝but) 除……之外(不包括在内)

except for 除……之外(强调有美中不足)

except that (what/when/where) 除了……

besides 除……之外 (包括在内)；况且；此外

[应用4]　用上述词或词组填空

(1)I like her ____________ she is angry.

(2)I have read a lot of novels _____________________________________some short stories.

(3)Your composition is very good _____________________ some spelling mistakes.

(4)___________________， we have a research－oriented program.

(5)They all went to sleep ____________________ the little boy.

答案是：except when;in addition to/besides/as well as/apart from;apart from/except for;In addition/Besides;apart from/except