【读书笔记】王尔德《自深深处》20
1891年，处在写作生涯巅峰期的王尔德遇见了阿尔弗雷德·“波西”·道格拉斯(Alfred "Bosie" Douglas)，两人很快成为了同性恋人。四年后，因为这段“不敢说出名字的爱”，王尔德被判“有伤风化”罪而入狱。在狱中，王尔德开始反思从前的生活，思索痛苦和人生的意义，艺术和爱的真谛，最终将那些痛苦的泪水都化作优美而深沉的文字，写成了这封名为"de profundis"(从深处)的长信。
作者简介：奥斯卡·王尔德(Oscar Wilde, 1854-1900)，英国维多利亚时代著名作家，“唯美主义运动”的领军人物，倡导“为艺术而艺术”(Art for art's sake)。他的代表作有戏剧《莎乐美》(Salome)《认真的重要性》(The Importance of Being Earnest)，童话《快乐王子》(The Happy Prince) 《夜莺与玫瑰》(The Nightingale and the Rose)，小说《道连·格雷的画像》(The Picture of Dorian Gray)，以及书信《自深深处》(De Profundis)等。
【原著选段】
But you, like myself, have had a terrible tragedy in your life, though one of an entirely opposite character to mine. Do you want to learn what it was? It was this. In you Hate was always stronger than Love. Your hatred of your father was of such stature that it entirely outstripped, o'erthrew, and overshadowed your love of me. There was no struggle between them at all, or but little; of such dimensions was your Hatred and of such monstrous growth. You did not realise that there is no room for both passions in the same soul. They cannot live together in that fair carven house. Love is fed by the imagination, by which we become wiser than we know, better than we feel, nobler than we are: by which we can see Life as a whole: by which, and by which alone, we can understand others in their real as in their ideal relations. Only what is fine, and finely conceived, can feed Love. But anything will feed Hate.
【朱纯深译本】
但是你， 同我一样， 生活中也有过可怕的悲剧，虽然二者之悲，完全不同。想知道这是什么吗？ 这就是，你的心中恨总是比爱强烈。你对你父亲的仇恨是如此之强烈，完全超过了、压倒了、掩盖住了对我的爱。你的爱恨之间根本就没有过孰是孰非的斗争，要有也很少：你仇恨之深之大，是如此的面面俱到、张牙舞爪。你并未意识到，一个灵魂是无法同时容纳这两种感情的。在那所精雕细刻出来的华屋中它们无法共处一室。爱是用想象力滋养的，这使我们比自己知道的更聪慧，比自我感觉的更良好， 比本来的为人更高尚；这使我们能将生活看作一个整体；只要这样、只有这样，我们才能以现实也以理想的关系看待理解他人。惟有精美的、精美于思的，才能供养爱。但不管什么都供养得了恨。
【孙宜学译本】
但你像我一样，在自己的生活里上演了一出可怕的悲剧，虽然你与我的悲剧具有完全相反的特征。你想知道这出悲剧是什么吗?我可以告诉你，那就是你身上的恨始终比爱强烈!你对你父亲的恨是那么强烈，完全超出了、推翻了、遮盖了你对我的爱。你对我的爱与对你父亲的恨之间没有冲突，或只有一点点冲突；你恨的范围那么广，并且是以那样一种可怕的速度增长着。而你却没有认识到，同一个灵魂里是不能同时容纳这两种感情的，它们不能在那个精心雕刻的房子里和睦相处。爱是靠想像滋养的，因为爱，我们变得比我们所知道的还聪明，比我们感觉到的还好，比我们的实际情形更高贵；用爱，我们可以把"生命"看做一个整体；靠爱，而且只靠爱，我们就能按照理想的方式理解处于现实关系中的其他人。只有美好的和精心想像出来的东西才能滋养爱，但一切都能滋养恨。
【读书笔记】
1、outstrip v.胜过，超过，把……抛在后面
【举例】The demand for food outstripped supply. 食品供不应求
2、overthrow v.推翻，打倒；废除；毁灭；背弃
【举例】overthrow the autocratic monarchy 推翻君主专制
overthrow slavery 废除奴隶制
The city was overthrown by the earthquake. 城市毁于地震。
overthrow standards of behaviour 背弃行为准则
3、overshadow v.在重要性方面超过，使相形见绌；给……蒙上阴影
【举例】He is overshadowed by his brilliant brother. 他那成就辉煌的兄弟使他相形见绌。
Her heart was overshadowed by the tragedy of his death. 他的死亡给她的心蒙上了一层阴影。
4、conceive v.构想，想出；怀有(某种情感)；怀孕
【举例】conceive an idea 想出一个主意
conceive a prejudice against sb. 对某人怀有偏见
conceive a child 怀孕