过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情，也可表示过去开了村庄。） 6．“主语 +had done…, when 从句（did/was/were）” No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. （他一离开家天就下起雨来。） 7．“用在 It /This/That was the first…time + that 从句 （had done）中” It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. （这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。） 8．“用在It was/had been + 一段时间 + since 从句 （had done）中” It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.（十年我们都没这麽高兴了。） 9．“用在 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与过去事实相反。” I wished that he hadn't made such a mistake. （我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。） 10．“用于表示与过去事实相反的if 虚拟条件句中” If she had seen

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情，也可表示过去

过去完成时的时间状语,文中“by the end of last fall she had finished reading a novel about Maori”那么这里的格式就是“by the time sb.+过去分词”。今天的话题就这样吧，毕竟人不能一口吃一个大胖子，咱们循序渐进，文中加了颜色的部分都是过去完成时的用法，同学们可以依照上面所讲的内容区一一对应，自己分析和揣摩，最后祝福大家冬天快乐！

在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作。 例如： He had been waiting for two weeks. He was still waiting.（有一个表示一段时间的状语） She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 不过这个时态并不一定表示这个过去动作将持续下去： 例如： She came back at six. She had been waiting for him three hours.（六点时她已经没有再等了） 而过去完成时（The Past Perfect Tense）表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。 例如： I had finished reading the book by ten o'clock last night到昨晚10点钟，我已经读过去完成进行时完了这本书。 要想完全掌握这两种时态，需得经过大量的练习，读完这篇文章，请同学们赶紧拿起笔来，多多练习，争取能正确合理地使用这两种时态！

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情，也可表示过去

降了. 5. She said she would come as soon as she had done her work. 要用过去完成时来表示过去将来完成时. 6. Eric died a few days ago and these years, he had lived as a recluse. 埃里克几天前死了,这些年来, 埃里克都是过着隐士生活. (过去完成时) 7. When I arrived, they already put the fire out. 我到达时, 他们已经把火扑灭了. (不可用过去完成进行时) 8. Past simple or present perfect? 一般过去时还是现在完成时? 9. Several outcome measures were applied, and the results were compared with findings in previously described cohorts. 多用现在时和过去时态,偶尔也会用到完成时和将来时.一般用过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 过去完成时过去时叙述研究的实验设计、作过程和方法 、 到的结果等等. 10. The teacher said the assignment would have been handed in before next week. (过去将来完成时)老师说作业在下周前交.

由 had 加动词的过去分词构成。 　　例句： 　　She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。 　　When the police arrived,the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 　　By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作， 即"过去的过去需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如： He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. I (had) called her before I left the office. 专项练习题： 汉译英 1.到上学期你们学会了多少首歌？ 2.到昨天晚上，他把这篇课文读了三遍。 3.十点钟前，我们到达了车站。 4.在他上中学之前，已学会了两百多个英语单词。 5.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始五分钟了。 6.昨天找看见李平了。自从我们离开北京，就一直没有见面。 7.我昨天没有给魏华那本书，因为她已经为

过去完成时。 The said the production costs had been reduced. The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake. （3）根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时 （1）常用过去完成时的几种情况： ①by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示过去某一时过去完成时。 As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. He did what he had been told to 另：当从句由 after，before，when或 as soon as引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 When he arrived, he called her. They locked the door before they left.

的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。   She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.  3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间