理解这两种时态形式的区别和正确应用。   过去完成时的定义及用法 表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作：过去完成时用于强调在过去的某一时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作或事件。 构成形式：had + 过去分词。 现在完成时的定义及用法 表示与现在相关的已经完成的动作或状态：现在完成时用于描述与现在相关的、发生在过去但对当前时间仍有影响的动作或状态。 构成形式：have/has + 过去分词。 过去完成时和现在完成时的区别 时间参照点不同： 过去完成时：强调发生在过去某一时间点之前的动作或事件。 现在完成时：强调过去的动作或事件对当前时间的影响或关联。 构成形式不同： 过去完成时使用had + 过去分词。 现在完成时使用have/has + 过去分词。 过去完成时和现在完成时的例句分析 过去完成时的例句： Example: By the time we arrived at the station, the train had already left.（当我们到达车站时，火车已经离过去完成时和现在完成时是两种重要的时态形式，它们常用于描述已经发生的动作或事件。本文将深入讨论过去完成时开了。） 在这个例句中，过去完成时“had left”表示在到达车站之前已经发生的动作。 现在完成时的例句： Example: I have lived in this city for five years.（我在这座城市已经住了五年了。） 这个例句中，“have lived”表示一个动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，并对当前时间产生影响。 过去完成时和现在完成时的使用建议 时态选择：根据上下文和语境合理选择过去完成时或现在完成时，准确表达所要表达的时间关系。 时间概念的清晰：理解动作发生的时间点及其对当前时间的影响，有助于准确运用时态。 通过本文对过去完成时和现在完成时的区别及例句的深入探讨，读者应该能够更清晰地理解这两种时态形式在英语中的用法和区别。合理运用过去完成时和现在完成时可以丰富语言表达的时态变化，使句子更加准确和生动。   如果您对英语学习感兴趣，想要深入学习，可以了解沪江网校精品课程，量身定制高效实用的个性化学习方案，专属督导全程伴学，扫一扫领200畅学卡。

过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing. 典型例题 (1) ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。 (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it's the first time I ___ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 （错）I have received his letter for a month. （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month. 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 典型例题 The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office. A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因标志词： （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by,before等介词此前一句应用过去进行时。 注意： had no … when 还没等…… 就…… had no sooner… than 刚…… 就…… He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.  

过去完成时 1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本结构：主语+had + p.p（过去分词）+其他 4.否定形式：主语+had + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.

过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。今天，小编为大家准备了与过去完成时相关的语法知识，一起来看看吧！   基本结构 主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ 基本用法 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 She turned scarlet from embarrassment, once she realized what she had done.  她意识到自己做了什么后羞红了脸。 Edward VIII had done the unthinkable and abdicated the throne.  爱德华八世竟主动逊位，真是匪夷所思。 The government had done everything it could to push down inflation.  政府已经采过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成取了所有可能的措施来抑制通货膨胀。 If he had done otherwise, I should have thought him a rascal.  如果他不这样做, 我就认为他是个恶棍.   看完了以上的有关过去完成时的语法知识，同学们都能更好的了解过去完成时了。赶快收藏起来吧~

英语的过去完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带过去完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语过去完成时的相关语法，一起来看看吧！   1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 他表示的时间是"过去 的过去 "常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如： She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left.   2、表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.   例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing. A. studied, had gone     B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes      D. had studied, had gone 解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年 "。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。 2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink. A. enjoyed     B. was enjoying   C. had enjoyed   D. would enjoy 解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。 3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months. A. has been in    B. had been in   C. had been to   D. had gone to 解析："小培说她去了海南三个月  "。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.   时态综合例题解析： １--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ? ---They _____ tea in the garden.                 A. are drinking    B. drank    C. have drunk     D. drink 2. My mother often asks me _____early .             A. get up   B. got up    C. getting up     D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.    A. taught    B. caught    C. bought    D. brought 4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light.       A. got on    B. got off   C. slowed down   D. picked up 5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks.               A. has lent    B. has borrowed    C. has bought     D. has had   参考答案： 1.根据问句的时态现在进行时，答句时态要一致，故选答案: A  2.根据句中的谓语动词ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：D  3.根据第一句的固定动词词组 catch up with sb 及第二句的过去时态，故选答案: B  4.此题主要考查四个动词词组的掌握.根据后半句在红灯时停下来,故选答案: C  5.此题主要考查现在完成时的延续和非延续动词，根据for two weeks 时间短语。故选答案: C   怎么样，看完了小编给大家准备的语法知识，有没有感觉收获颇多呢？喜欢就收藏起来吧~

过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。 　　She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition. 　　3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and 或but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时； 另外，在before ，after ，as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.   看过去完成时有特殊的语法规则，它与其他完成时完了上面的语法知识，相信大家已经对过去完成时区别于其他完成时的特殊含义和用法了，喜欢就收藏起来吧~

别的含义： 1)尚未完成： He had been writing the novel.(He had not finished it yet.) 2)企图： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.(He was trying to study it.) 3)未得结果： We had been studying what our enemy had said.(But we were not able to understand it.) 4)最近情况： He had been quarrelling with his wife.(lately) 5)反复动作： He had been asking me the same question.(Many times) 6)情绪： What had he been doing?(不耐烦) 这个时态很少用在否定句中，而多以过去完成时代替： He had not practised English for many years.(普通说法) He had not been practising English for many years.(少见) 这个时态还可用在said，supposed等引起的间接引语中，代替现在完成进过去完成进行时与过去完成时的用法很相近，它通常表示一个持续到过去行时： He said，“I have been speaking to John.”= He said that he had been speaking to John. He thought，“She was watching me when I passed.”= He thought that she had been watching him when he had passed.   声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态，句中常用by，before，until，when等词可以用一般过去时。 When he arrived, he called her. They locked the door before they left. 3、在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。 They said the production costs had been reduced.

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用时间状语有already, before, ever, just, still, yet)，也可表示过去儿时，我们已经把房子弄干净了。 注意：当主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引导的时间从句的动作连接很紧密时，从句也可用一般过去时。 He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那儿了。 2、在hardly / scarcely …when…, no sooner…than… 两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如： Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一听到这一消息就大哭了起来。 No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡着了。 3、动词expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如： He had wanted to buy a house in Shanghai. 他本想在上海买栋房子。 4、过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如： They said they had seen the film. 他们说这个电影他们看过。 以上就是过去完成时的定义和基本用法，总之，要学好过去完成时，还应多练习，多读英语文章，培养语感，总结经验，久而久之，句子使用的准确性就会不知不觉提高很多。所以，同学们要勤奋起来哦，为今后的英语学习打下基础。

面的句子试比较： It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正)   或许你会说：“昨天下了雨，可是今天已放晴了，下雨已是过去的事，而且已经下完了，所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都过去完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语过去完成时使用一般过去时。 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外，应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。   怎么样，看完了小编给大家准备的语法知识，有没有感觉收获颇多呢？喜欢就收藏起来吧~