1.ever的强调作用
ever的用法有两种:作为副词本身的ever和作为后缀的-ever。
1)作副词使用的ever用在一般疑问句和否定句中。例如:
Have you ever been to Shanghai?你曾经到过上海吗?
Nothing ever happened here.这儿并未发生过什么。
2)-ever作疑问词后缀。如 whatever,whenever,wherever,however,whyever等,也可分开作what ever,when ever等,表示"究竟"或"无论"。例如:
Where ever did you last see my watch?你上次究竟在哪儿看到我的手表?
I don't care whatever you do.无论你做什么我都不管。
3)副词ever用在表示比较的句子中,如"than"和"as...as"句型,以加强语气。例如:
She studies harder than ever(before).她比以前学习更用功了。
He is as great a poet as ever lived.(=He is the greatest poet that ever lived.)他是世界上最伟大的诗人。
4)if ever引导从句,加强语气。例如:
He seldom,ifever,makes mistakes in his work.他在工作中即使出错也是极少的。
If you ever go there,bring my best regards to him.如果你真要去那儿的话,替我向他问好。
5)ever放在so,such前,加强语气。例如:
She is ever so beautiful.她真漂亮。
It is ever such a difficulty.这真是个困难。
2.only的强调作用
only在强调时一般放在所强调的成分前,可强调主语。例如:
Only Mr.Smith finished his job in time.只有史密斯先生按时完成了工作。
也可强调谓语。例如:
Tom could only walked to school.汤姆只能步行上学。
强调宾语。例如:
Amy told you only half the story.艾米只告诉了你一半情况。
强调状语。例如:
We saw the tiger only in the zoo.我们只能在动物园里看到老虎。
当然,在强调状语时,"only +状语"如放到句首,句子需要倒装。这属于语法手段,我们下期再讨论。
3.very的强调作用
1)very放在名词之前,意义为"正是",加强名词的语意。例如:
At the very moment,the telephone rang.正在那个时候,电话铃响了。
This is the very book I want.这正是我要的书。
2)very还可以放在物主代词和own之间,表示"绝对是某人自己"。例如:
I finally have the room for my very own.我终于将这个房间据为己有了。
4.比较级和最高级的强调
much,still,a little,a lot,lots,far,by far,a great deal等都可以强调比较级,其中much,by far还可以强调最高级。例如:
The room is a little larger than that one.
The building is by far the tallest in the city.
5.其它强调词语。例如:
at all-If you know at all.如果你真的知道。
even-Even John didn'tknow.就算John也不知道。
just-Smith came just as Jane was leaving.简刚要走,史密斯正好来了。
We have waited for a good half hour.我们等了足足半小时。