7. What do you think is the best way to promote Shakespeare’s plays among the Chinese audiences?

莎士比亚的戏剧你认为如何普及是最好的方式?

I don't know, i'm gonna find out. This afternoon I'm having a meeting with a woman who's very interested in helping to promote and sell tickets. I really don't know, I know there's a great love for Shakespeare here, as in anywhere, and you know the city that does more Shakespeare than any city in the world is Berlin. They're doing it in German; they're not doing in English. You translate Shakespeare, you lose the English poetry, but you don't lose the story, you don't lose the drama, you don't lose the theatricality. So I think Shakespeare can do very well here, but I don't know... It's show-business, but business parts are not my strongest part. so I need people to help me and guide me, and I have people that help me and guide me. We'll see what happens. Next few months will be a big education.

我也不知道,我们还在尝试中。全世界上演莎士比亚戏剧最多的城市是德国的柏林。他们也不是用英语原版上演的、而是翻译成德语。虽然翻译之后你的确会失去一些原作中的诗歌韵律,但故事本身的情节还在的。所以我想在中国莎士比亚肯定有市场,在接下来的几个月中我也会在这方面好好学习。

8. For English learners in China, do you think is necessary for them to read Shakespeare? And why?

中国的英语学习者是否有必要阅读莎士比亚?

Absolutely. People speak Shakespeare everyday; they don't know that Shakespeare invented hundreds of phrases even words that we use everyday. so if you speak English, you're speaking Shakespeare, as good as gold.

看看莎士比亚最爱用的单词:【英语单词趣谈】二十个莎翁常用词>>

Well, the whole point of Shakespeare is you were never meant to read Shakespeare. You're meant to go to see the plays. You know Shakespeare did never imagine someday somebody would take a book down of the shelf and read his plays, that's what they're for: they're blue prints, they're starting points, they're not meant to be read, and that's why Shakespeare’s ruined for kids in school because the teachers teach them these are the books you must read. They're not meant to be. You can't understand them unless you see them on the stage then all becomes clear.

So in that respect i would not, say, recommend read Shakespeare to improve your English, no, i would not say so. But if you could see a play and be excited about it, then go on and read it. I think that could be more of help. but reading a code.. i don't see there's anything for anybody, because so much has been left out, you don't see the actual play. the play is primarily an action more than words. Words are the last thing that happen in life. You have the thought, you have the feeling, you process it, it comes out in words. Words are the last thing that happens. put words first without trying to comfort where and how they're being expressed is what we say putting the cart before the horse. (沪江小编注:Put the cart before the horse. 英语谚语,直译“把车放在马前面”,即“本末倒置”)

肯定是有必要的。莎士比亚其实发明了很多英语中的词汇和说法,已经完全融入这门语言本身,人们天天都讲只是不自觉。所以如果你要讲英语、其实你就是在讲莎士比亚的语言。不过我想说,最好的读懂莎士比亚的方法不是“读”、而是“看”!莎士比亚在写他的戏剧时从没有想过让人们坐在那里、抱一本书读这些剧本。他想的是你们会到剧院里去看表演!剧本只是一个开始、一个提纲、是表演的指导,只有你去看了整出戏,才能更好地了解莎士比亚。所以对于中国的英语学习者,我建议你们先到剧院里看莎士比亚、再回来重读剧本,这可能是最好的方法,不然就真的本末倒置了。

9. You set up a Second World War background for this Twelfth Night, why?

你为这次的十二夜设置了一个二战的背景,为什么?

It's not the background of WW2, it's the background just before WW2. 1939 the war broke out, well it depends how you look at, people are catching up. You know they always say that the war began when Hilter invaded Poland. But now, that's a very Europe Centraled, western view. You know the war really began when Japan invaded china. But that was earlier, people don't look at it, but in terms of Europe, by putting it in 1939, it gives the characters... It's sort of explain the motive, they're all trying to falling in love with each other in a very desperate, frantic way. If there's a big black cloud rolling in called WW2, this would explain this kind of frantic behavior. i don't know if i explained this frantic behavior but it gives it a good setting.

Also I think I prefer to put Shakespeare like modern, or simulmodern setting because when you dress Shakespeare tights and funny colors, you take something that's already alien to most people and make it more alien. So when you put it in a modern time it gives people a way in. But this is a good period to do it, the costumes are fabulous.

There's a great French film, some people consider it the greatest movie ever made. It's called the rules of the game, by a great French film writer Jean Renoir. The stories were also in 1939, and it was made in 1939. The stories are different, but the characters are very similar, they're all trying to find love, and they all have this desperation about love. I made all my actors watch it, to see the period and to see the clothing. But he describes his characters as dancing on the edge of a volcano, that's really a good metaphor for what we're trying to do in this play.

具体说来背景设定在二战前的1939年,因为我觉得这能更好地解释为什么剧中人物那么快就彼此坠入爱河。因为如果你感到战争很快就要开始,那么在这些方面可能情绪会更容易迸发。另一方面,我喜欢为莎士比亚的戏剧设置一个现代、至少是近代的背景。因为如果要把演员们打扮成穿着好笑戏服的古代人,可能会让很多观众觉得戏剧中的故事离他们很遥远。

有一部非常著名的法国电影叫做《游戏规则》(The rules of the game),就是在1939年拍摄、并且讲述的是1939年的故事。这个故事的情节和《第十二夜》很像,我让所有我的演员都看这部戏。这部电影的导演曾说戏中的演员是“在火山边缘舞蹈”,我想这也是我希望演员们在《第十二夜》中达到的状态。