Section C

一、原文再现

For Americans, time is money. They say, "You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The (36) future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (37) trained to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activity. Thus Americans (38) admire a "well-organized" person, one who has a written list of things to do and a (39) schedule for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is (40) considerate of other people's time. They do not (41) waste people's time with conversation or other activity that has no (42) visible beneficial outcome.

The American attitude toward time is not (43) necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as (44) something that is simply there around them, not something they can use. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.

In the contest (45) the fast food industry can be seen as a clear example of American cultural product. McDonald's, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald's restaurants (46) spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.

二、篇章分析

这是一篇介绍美国人时间观念的说明文。文章以谚语"时间就是金钱"开始,详细叙述了美国人对于时间的理解。最后以快餐为例,表明快餐的兴起,与其时间观念是分不开的,其崇尚的就是速度、效率和洁净。

三、核心词汇

constructive a. 建设性的;
schedule n. ①时间表 ②计划;
considerate
a. 考虑周到的

四、话题词汇

beneficial a. 有益的

efficiency n. 效率

outcome n. 结果

symbol n. 象征

How time flies! 时光如梭!

kill time 消磨时间

save time 节约时间

waste time 浪费时间

五、试题详解

36.【解题核心】此处需要一个名词,与past和present对比,即使不听也可以推测出该空应该填future,属于四级听力中较简单的题。

37.【解题核心】根据上下文,此处are后面应该是过去分词表示被动,不要漏掉-ed。本句中as表示"正如",引导非限制性定语从句,代替前面整个句子,因此应注意所填词在意思上与前面句子的连贯性。

38.【解题核心】空前Americans及空后的名词短语表明所填词应充当句子的谓语动词,主语为复数,且前后句子的时态均为现在时,故此处应填动词原形。thus表明本空所在句子应为前句内容导致的结果。既然美国人认为应该把时间用在有意义的事情上,那么他们对于 well-organized person(有条理的人)应该是持赞赏(admire)的态度。 沪

39.【解题核心】此处需要一个可数名词单数形式,意思与前面的list并列,注意ch和dule字母组合。one who has...应是对前面"a well-organized person"的解释。

40.【解题核心】and 连接并列结构,所以此空为一形容词。由and可知所填词应与punctual(准时的)并列作表语共同描述ideal person的特点。根据上文所述,理想的人应该能够做到准时并充分"尊重"或"考虑"他人的时间。故本空很可能填respectful或considerate。

41.【解题核心】空前They及空后的名词短语表明所填词应充当句子的谓语动词,而助动词do not决定此处应填动词原形,宾语为time,可以联想到waste,save等。

42.【解题核心】空前的no和空后的名词短语表明此处应为形容词修饰outcome(效果)。that引导定语从句修饰前面的conversation or other activity。而从短文前面的内容可知,本文主要是强调时间的效率,因此这里应该有"快速或明显"的含义。

43.【解题核心】此句不缺主要句子成分,可预测为修饰过去分词的副词,修饰动词shared。necessarily常用于not之后,表示未必。

44.【解题核心】本题采分点是around them和not something they can use。原句结构不复杂,可以不改写。注意修饰不定代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词用that。

45.【解题核心】本题采分点是fast food industry,example和American cultural product。实义动词可以用其同义词来代替。

46.【解题核心】本题采分点是spread all over the world和viewed as symbols of American society and culture。其中,viewed...as...可以用其同义词seen...as...,regarded...as...或considered来替换。

六、全文精译

对于美国人来说,时间就是金钱。他们认为,"人生是有限的,就应好好利用。"按照美国人的思维方式,除非人们利用时间从事有建设性的活动,否则未来不会比过去或现在更美好。因此美国人欣赏"有条理"的人,即那些列出详细活动清单以及时间表的人。完美的人是守时的,考虑他人时间的。他们不会因闲谈或无效益的活动而浪费时间。

美国人对待时间的态度未必适用于每个人,尤其不适用非欧洲人。他们更倾向于认为时间无处不在,但没有利用价值。对于许多留美学生来说,比较难的是他们必须要调整并适应美国的时间观--尽可能地节省时间,好好利用每一天。

在竞争中,快餐业可以看作是美国文化产物的佳例。麦当劳、肯德基以及其他快餐店在这个国家很受欢迎,因为人们不想在做饭和吃饭上浪费时间。麦当劳餐厅遍布世界各地,他们已经被视为美国社会与文化的象征,因为它带来的不仅仅是汉堡包,而是速度、效率和洁净。

 

[在线培训,时间灵活,足不出户,同样好品质]