参考答案：

1.水运历史

　　China‘s water transport has a long history.Early inthe Shang Dynasty，there were sailing boats.TheGrand Canal in the Sui Dynasty provided greatconvenience for south-north water transport.Inthe Ming Dynasty，Zheng He sailed across seas seventimes and reached the east coast of Africa during one of his voyages.China has plenty of rivers，along coastline and advantageous water transport conditions.The Yangtze River is the mostimportant inland shipping channel.Its mainstream，from Yibin in Sichuan Province to thesea，has a total length of over 3，000 kilometers.Chongqing，Wuhan and Nanjing are importantports along the river.China has fevorable conditions for maritime transport with manyharbors，such as Shanghai，Dalian，Qinhuangdao，Tianjin，Qingdao，Ningbo，Xiamen，Guangzhou andso on.There are shipping routes from these ports to over 150 countries and regions all over theworld.

2.甲骨文

　　The oracle bone script is the earliest existingcharacters in China. These characters carved ontortoise shells or animal bones are quite mature.Before recognizing the oracle bone script, peopleregarded the shells and bones as medical materials.Accidentally, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, WangYirong, discovered these tortoise shells and animal bones. After careful study, he believed thatthese signs were the characters of the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago. From thesecharacters, people can roughly understand the daily life of the rulers at that time. The oraclebone script provides important materials for research into the origin of Chinese characters.

3.轿子

　　In ancient times,the sedan chair was considered as a special transportation vehicle in China. It is lifted with shoulders and hands. The sedan chair was the most' common in the Song Dynasty. In fact, it is a removable chair fixed on two poles with or without a tent. The Chinese sedan chair was very popular in many areas in histoiy. In different ages and areas,the sedan chair has various names, for example,douzi, nuanjiao, etc. The sedan chair we know now is nuanjiao. As far as its kind is concerned, the sedan chair can be categorized into three types: sedan chair for officials, common people and weddings. Regarding the purposes, the sedan chair falls into two types: one for mountain roads, and the other for flat roads.

备考推荐：“碾压”六级指南