科学60秒:渔网设计大赛,感兴趣么?
来源:沪江听写酷
2011-07-22 10:00
The numbers of fish and other ocean life have dropped dramatically in the past few decades. That’s because of ___1___, and something called bycatch.
More than 300 thousand small whales, dolphins and porpoises die due to commercial fishing each year.
And more than 250 thousand ___2___ sea turtles are killed on longlines set for tuna, swordfish, and other fish.
So here’s a ___3___ for any inventors out there: Create new fishing gear to reduce bycatch. Top prize? Thirty thousand dollars.
It’s the fifth International Smart Gear Competition sponsored by the World Wildlife Fund.
“The Eliminator," a fishing net, was a winner in 2007, designed to reduce bycatch of cod in the haddock fishery.
The Eliminator ___4___. It has large openings at the bottom of the net. Because when haddock face a net, they swim up to escape and get caught. But other groundfish, like cod, swim down to try to ___5___. So the cod can escape through the openings at the bottom.
The Eliminator is now being used in New England and in Europe.
The current competition is open from March 1 through August 31. So get your net ready, and cast your ideas.
【视听版科学小组荣誉出品】
More than 300 thousand small whales, dolphins and porpoises die due to commercial fishing each year.
And more than 250 thousand ___2___ sea turtles are killed on longlines set for tuna, swordfish, and other fish.
So here’s a ___3___ for any inventors out there: Create new fishing gear to reduce bycatch. Top prize? Thirty thousand dollars.
It’s the fifth International Smart Gear Competition sponsored by the World Wildlife Fund.
“The Eliminator," a fishing net, was a winner in 2007, designed to reduce bycatch of cod in the haddock fishery.
The Eliminator ___4___. It has large openings at the bottom of the net. Because when haddock face a net, they swim up to escape and get caught. But other groundfish, like cod, swim down to try to ___5___. So the cod can escape through the openings at the bottom.
The Eliminator is now being used in New England and in Europe.
The current competition is open from March 1 through August 31. So get your net ready, and cast your ideas.
【视听版科学小组荣誉出品】
commercial overfishing
endangered
charge
takes advantage of how fish swim
break out
几十年来,由于商业性滥捕滥捞以及所谓的意外捕获,鱼类以及其他海洋生物的数量正在急速减少。每年都有30多万头小鲸鱼、小海豚还有鼠海豚因为商业捕捞而丧生。
濒临灭绝的海龟也难逃此劫,每年惨死在金枪鱼、箭鱼等的延绳钓上的海龟超过25万只。
于是,发明家们,任务来了:发明一套能减少意外捕捞的渔具。最高有多少奖励?3万美元!!这是世界野生生物基金会举办的第五届国际智能渔具设计大赛。
名为“过滤器”的渔网是2007年大赛的最高奖得主,其设计理念是在捕捞黑线鳕的过程中减少对鳕鱼的附带捕捞。
“过滤器”是根据鱼类游动的特点设计的。网底部设计成大开口,因为黑线鳕撞到渔网第一反应是向上游动以逃生;而其他底栖鱼,如鳕鱼,向下游动逃生。“过滤器”就是利用这点“放过”鳕鱼,捕获黑线鳕的。
“过滤器”目前在新英格兰以及欧洲都得到广泛使用。本届大赛将从3月1日持续到8月31日。赶快准备就绪,撒点子吧~