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Always finding excuses to skip the gym? Congrats—you might be able to blame your genes. Because the mere desire to exercise may be inherited, at least in mice. So says a study in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
The experiment started back in 1993 with 224 mice, divided into eight groups. In four of the groups, the researchers ____1____ the males and females that logged the most distance on their exercise wheels. For the other four groups, they just randomly ___2_____ the mice.
Forty-three generations later, the mice ____3____ from long distance runners are voluntarily running seven miles a day—three times as far as their lazy ____4____. And they cover those miles in different ways—some are marathoners, while others, especially females, run faster for fewer hours.
The running mice do have physical advantages, like better endurance and less body fat. But it's not just fitness. Previous studies suggest something's changing in the mice's brains, too, turning them into ____5____. And since mice and humans have similar genes, our itch to hit the track might also depend on how often mom and dad liked to throw on their running shoes.
mated bred descended counterparts exercise addicts
你是否总是找借口不去健身？恭喜恭喜，你大可以说这都是基因的错。因为对运动的渴望可能是遗传的——至少在老鼠身上是这样。《英国皇家学会会报B》上的一项研究如是说。 此项研究的实验始于1993年，研究人员将224只实验鼠被分成8组，其中4组里拥有蹬轮子最高里程记录的雌雄鼠被配种，而另外4组则被随机配种。 经过43代之后，长跑选手诞下的后代每天都会主动跑7英里——这距离是对应组那些懒散老鼠们跑的3倍。它们会用不同的方式跑完7英里，有一些会跑马拉松，而有一些——特别是雌鼠——会在几小时内快跑。 跑步的老鼠会有体质上的优势，像是更好的耐力和更少的脂肪。但这并不只是健康的问题。以前的研究显示，老鼠大脑里也有某些物质正在发生变化，这些物质让它们运动成瘾。由于老鼠和人类有相似的基因，你老爹老妈穿上跑鞋做运动的兴致有多高，也许就决定了你踏上跑道奔跑的欲望有多大。