科学60秒:埋藏了一万年的宴会
来源：沪江听写酷
2011-05-15 00:02
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We humans love excuses to gather for a rousing evening of community—featuring lots of food. Now researchers have evidence for the earliest known group feasting.
At a 12,000-year-old ____1____ in northern Israel, archaeologists found the remains of at least 71 tortoises and two wild cattle in specially built hollows in a cave. The tortoise shells surrounded the remains of individuals who the scientists say were shamans. And there’s evidence that the animals were cooked and eaten. Based on the bones, the researchers estimate that the meat could have supported about 35 people, maybe more.
The discovery was published by researchers from the University of Connecticut and Hebrew University in Jerusalem in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The feast would have taken place right around the time that people were going from ____2____ of hunter-gatherers to settlements of farmers—the transition to early agriculture. As the region’s local population grew, competition increased for ___3___. Settling down also meant that our ancestors were forced into contact with more people in a smaller area.
So, large community meals might have served to ____4____ and ____5____. Much like dinner parties today.
We humans love excuses to gather for a rousing evening of community—featuring lots of food. Now researchers have evidence for the earliest known group feasting.
At a 12,000-year-old ____1____ in northern Israel, archaeologists found the remains of at least 71 tortoises and two wild cattle in specially built hollows in a cave. The tortoise shells surrounded the remains of individuals who the scientists say were shamans. And there’s evidence that the animals were cooked and eaten. Based on the bones, the researchers estimate that the meat could have supported about 35 people, maybe more.
The discovery was published by researchers from the University of Connecticut and Hebrew University in Jerusalem in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The feast would have taken place right around the time that people were going from ____2____ of hunter-gatherers to settlements of farmers—the transition to early agriculture. As the region’s local population grew, competition increased for ___3___. Settling down also meant that our ancestors were forced into contact with more people in a smaller area.
So, large community meals might have served to ____4____ and ____5____. Much like dinner parties today.
burial site
tribes
existing food sources
lubricate social connections
alleviate tensions
人类总喜欢找个理由，在一个热闹的、食物丰富的夜晚聚在一起。如今，研究人员找到了人们最早群聚赴宴的证据。
在以色列北边一个有着1万2千年历史的墓址里，考古学家在一个山洞中特别挖出的凹地里发现了至少71只乌龟和2只野牛的残骸。乌龟壳的四周围绕着被科学家称为萨满教的人类骸骨。而有证据表明这些动物曾被烹调并享用。研究人员根据骨头推测至少有35人食用了这些动物的肉。
康涅狄格大学和耶路撒冷希伯来大学的研究人员在《美国国家科学院学报》上刊登了这项发现。
这次宴会发生在人们从部落狩猎过渡至农耕定居的时期——也就是人类向早期农业时代过渡的时候。地区本土人口的增加引起了当时食物来源竞争的加剧。定居也就意味着我们的祖先被迫在更小地域里与更多人接触。
因此，大规模集体聚餐的目的可能是为了巩固社会关系和减轻矛盾，就和现今的晚宴一样。