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Human Genome Slowly Finds Medical Use
人类基因组在医学上不给力

It’s been more than a decade since the human genome was published.And some critics have wondered where the promised medical applications are.Well, a review article in the current issue of The New England Journal of Medicine talks about how knowledge of a patient’s genome is allowing doctors to pick the best drug for that patient, along with dosage and duration of treatment.
人类基因组计划发起已超过十年之久。一些评论家想知道它是否对医疗事业的前途起到作用。近期的《新英格兰医学杂志》上刊登的一篇评论文章就谈到了医生是如何利用患者的基因组信息来为其选择最佳药物，合适的剂量及持续治疗的时间。

For example, last year the FDA added a warning to the prescribing info for the widely used anticlotting drug clopidogrel.Because patients with a particular genetic variant might not respond well to that drug.Another example is the antibiotic floxacillin.The drug helps treat most people’s staph infections. But it’s associated with liver problems in rare individuals carrying another specific gene set.
比如去年，美国食品药物管理局（FDA）对一种应用广泛的抗凝血药物氯吡格雷发起警告。因为带有特定基因的患者会对此药物产生不良反应。另一个例子是氟氯青霉素。这种药物帮助治疗大多数人患有的葡萄球菌感染，但它会给带有罕见基因组的人带来肝脏问题。

Unfortunately, it’s still uncommon for docs to get genome info about patients, so that wealth of knowledge isn’t often put into practice. Insurers don’t want to cover widespread pharmacogenomic testing without lots of evidence that it’s applicable.Which slows the accumulation of whatever drug-gene interaction evidence would be useful. Here’s hoping that ever-cheaper genome analysis accelerates the use of genetic information.
不幸的是，医生在通常情况下无法得知患者的基因组信息，所以这项宝贵的知识无法投入使用。而且保险公司也不想在没有得到强有力证据的情况下涉及到大范围的药物基因测定。减慢了药物基因测定证明的慢慢积累是有效的。希望能出现更廉价的基因组测定方法来加快对基因信息的使用。

—Steve Mirsky

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