Part III  Reading Comprehension

Passage One

Mr. Greenly was there to greet them. "Let see, there are eighteen children and two adults at three dollars each. That will be sixty dollars.”

……

"Miss Joan, if you look at the bottom of this brochure," Mr. Greenly said," you’ll notice very important statement."

Sure enough, in very tiny letters, it said," Prices are subject to change without notice."

Miss Joan was determined to keep her good mood. She took a twenty dollars bill out of her own purse and handed it to Mr. Greenly with the forty dollars she had in an envelope.

……

Mr. Greenly pointed to the tiniest letters Miss Joan had ever almost seen. It also says, "Terms and conditions of group reservations are subject to change without notice."

Miss Joan’s good mood was now history. ……

31. How many dollars did Miss Joan hand to Mr. Greenly?

A. 20         B. 40         C. 60          D. 18

32. The phrase “subject to change without notice” suggests ______.

A. Mr. Greenly could change the terms at will.

B. the customers should read the brochure carefully.

C. Mr. Greenly could determine what apples to be picked.

D. the customers should be informed beforehand.

33. The students could not pick as many apples as they would like because ______.

A. they were children.

B. there were not enough apples.

C. they had made a group reservation.

D. they would eat up too many apples.

34. "Miss Joan’s good mood was now history?" (the last paragraph) means ______.

A. Miss Joan had been happy until that moment

B. Miss Joan was no longer interested in history

C. Miss Joan taught her students the history of the orchard.

D. Miss Joan was good at concealing her feelings

35. What can we 1earn about Miss Joan from the story?

A. She did not read the brochure carefully.

B. She made a reservation after seeing the brochure

C. She lost her temper in the end.

D. She didn’t know how to complain

Passage Two

Both civilization and culture are fairly modern words, having come into prominent use during the 19th century by anthropologists（人类学家）, historians, and literary figures. There has been a strong tendency to use them interchangeably as though they mean the same thing，but they are not the same.

…… Thus civilization, in its most essential meaning, is the ability of people to live together harmoniously in cities, in social groupings……

The word culture is derived from the Latin verb colere, till the soil. But colere also has a wider range of meanings. It may, like civis, mean inhabiting a town or village. But most of its definitions suggest a process of starting and promoting growth and development. One may cultivate a garden; ……

One of the basic and best-know features of civi1ization and culture is the presence of tools. But more important than their simple existence is that the tools are always being improved and enlarged upon, a result of creativity. It took thousands of years to get from the first whee1 to the 1atest, most advanced model of automobile.

It is the concept of humans as toolmakers and improvers that differentiates them from other animals. A monkey may use a stick to knock a banana from a tree, but that stick will never, through a monkey’s cleverness, be modified into a hook or a ladder. ……

36. What does the author think of the words “civilization”, and “culture”?

A. They are identical.

B. They are different concepts.

C. They can often be 1used interchangeable.

D. They are defined differently by different people.

37. According to the author the word “civilization” originally refers to ______.

A. people’s way of life in cities.

B. people’s ability to live together in cities.

C. a type of social organizations

D. an advanced level of social life

38. The Latin verb colere originally means “______”

A. live in a city.

B. develop oneself

C. promote growth

D. cultivate the land

39. The author believes that creativity ______.

A. is a unique feature of civilized beings

B. brings forth the improvement of tools

C. is the result of human development

D. helps the advance of culture

40. The author mentions monkeys in the last paragraph to show that ______.

A. monkeys are the same as birds

B. people once 1ived in caves like monkeys

C. monkeys can never develop into human beings

D. man is different from other animals such as monkeys

Passage Three

The huge growth of global "ecotourism" industry is becoming an increasing concern for conservationists with mounting evidence that many wild species do not respond well to contact with human beings. overexposure to tourists has been linked to stress, abnormal behavior and adverse health effects in species such as polar bears, dolphins and gorillas（大猩猩）, says a report in New Scientist.

While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, many projects are poorly designed and unregulated, its says. “Many ecotourist projects are unaudited, unauthorized and merely hint they are based on environmentally friendly policies and operations”

While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, “many projects are poorly designed and hint they are based on environmentally friendly policies and operations.”

Ecotourism is growing by 10 to 30 percent a year and an estimated 20 percent of tourists are thought to visit a conservation-based project. Philip Seddon, of the University of Otago in New Zealand, said that although most tourist projects conformed to basic guidelines on land use and not scaring wildlife, their full impact was rarely considered.

……

In Africa, gorillas have picked up parasites introduced to their habitat by tourists and mongooses（蠓）have caught lung diseases from human beings. Experts said that the answer to the problems was better regulation and supervision of ecotourism. The Galapagos Islands, where visitor numbers are strictly controlled, is a good model.

41. Ecotourism is meant to ______.

A. have tourists help in the conservation of wildlife

B. have wild species respond well to contact with humans

C. make wild species reduce stress and abnormal behavior

D. make conservationists more concerned with wildlife

42. According to New Scientist, many ecotourist Projects ______.

A. really encourage people to protect wi1dlife and its habit

B. strictly follow environmentally friendly polices

C. actually lack proper examination and official approval

D. seriously damage the habitats of endangered species

43. What will happen to wildlife ultimately if the present "ecotourism" practice goes on?

A. It will disturb their life.

B. It will affect their health.

C. It will increase their stress.

D. It will threaten their survival.

44. According to the passage, the growth in the global “ecotourism” industry ______.

A. reflects a growing concern for conservation

B. arouses a growing concern for conservation

C. coincides with a mounting concern for conservation

D. originates from a grater concern for conservation

45. According to the passage, a solution to the "ecotourism" problem is to ______.

A. encourage people to manage endangered species

B. reduce the exposure of wildlife to human beings

C. help wild animals increase their fitness

D. prevent wildlife from catching human disease

Passage Four

Computers can beat chess champion Gary Kasparov at his game, count all the atoms in a nuclear explosion, and calculate complex figures in a fraction of a second, but they still fail at the slight differences in language translation. Artificial Intelligence computers have large amounts of memory, capable of storing huge translating dictionaries and extensive lists of grammar rules. Yet, today’s best computer language translators have just a 60 percent accuracy rate. Scientists are still unable to program the computer with human-like common sense reasoning power.

Computer language translation is called Machine Translation, or MT. While not perfect, MT is surprisingly good. MT was designed to process dry, technical language that people find tedious to translate. Computers can translate basic phrases, such as "You foot bone’s connected to your ankle bone, your ankle bone’s connected to your leg bone." They can translate more difficult phrases, such as "Which witch is which?" Computers can also accurately translate "Wild thing, you make my heart sing!" into other languages because they can understand individual words, as long as the words are pre-programmed in their dictionary.

But highly sensitive types of translating, such as important diplomatic conversations, are beyond the scope of computer translating programs. Human translators use intuitional meaning, not logic, to process words and phrases into other languages. A human can properly translate the phrase, “The pen is in the pen（围养禽畜的圈）,” because most humans know that it means that a writing instrument is in a small enclosed space. Many times, computers do not have the ability to determine in which way two identical words in one sentence are to be used.

In addition to using massive rule-programmed machines, computer programmers are also trying to teach computers to learn how to think for themselves through the "experience" of translating. Even with these efforts, programmers admit that a "thinking" computer might not ever be invented in the future.

46. Computers today are capable of ______.

A. defeating the best chess player in the world.

B. telling subtle differences between languages

C. translating over 60 percent of difficult texts.

D. doing human-like common sense reasoning

47. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Computers can translate dry and difficult phrase.

B. Computers can understand sensitive language.

C. Computers can translate technical language

D. Computers can understand pre-programmed word.

48. The major problem with computer translating programs is that computers ______.

A. can not translate illogical sentences

B. do not have a large enough capacity of memory

C. can not understand grammatical rules

D. do not have intuition to process language

49. To improve machine translation, computer programmers are trying to______.

A. use powerful rule-programmed computers

B. teach computers to think by practice

C. have computers compile translating dictionaries

D. add explanations of words in computer programs

50. The passage suggests that ______.

A. the accuracy rate of machine translation cannot be raised

B. it is impossible for computers to think as humans do

C. only technical language is suitable for machine translation

D. it is impossib1e to determine of identical words

Passage Five

Several years ago during the dot-com passion, Manhattan lawyer John Kennedy sometimes wore a dark blue suit to meet potential Internet clients. But he soon realized that his conservative clothes were a strike against him before he even shook hands. so he began to do business in casual, open-shirt clothes.

But now the tables have turned. Today Silicon Valley executives are the ones often coming out in suits. No wonder that fortune 500 executives are dusting off their silk ties and pants. “I would say there is a trend now toward a little more business dress,” said Kennedy. “I find myself wearing suits more.”

While there isn’t a rush toward formal office wear, clothiers and executives say the workplace uniform is heading that way. In many offices, men are wearing Jackets, ties and pants more frequently than a year age. Top women executives never went as casual as men, so the shift doesn’t affect them as dramatically.

“Business casual” took several years to catch on. It started with casual Fridays, evolved to casual summers, then became casual everyday. ……

Observers mention many factors driving the trend Internet companies helped lead the dress-down movement and other industries followed suit to attract workers. But with the collapse of many dot-coms, the relaxed look is becoming a style to avoid. Moreover, as the economy stumbles, more people are hunting for jobs or trying to keep the ones they have, and appearance counts.

In addition to using massive rule-programmed machines, computer programmers are also trying to teach computers to learn how to think for themselves through the "experience" of translating. Even with these efforts, programmers admit that a "thinking" computer might not ever be invented in the future.

US President Bush wears a coat and tie in the White House office and expects his staff to dress “professionally,” which some say sets a tome for the nation.

……

51. "Business casual" was prevalent several years ago because ______.

A. the Manhattan law business grew very quickly

B. shaking hands with clients became popular

C. the country was fighting the conservatives

D. the Internet companies boomed then

52. When the "business casual" prevailed, ______.

A. businessmen wore ties only in workplace

B. businessmen didn’t wear ties at all

C. businesswomen didn’t wear formally in workplace

D. businesswomen still wore formally everywhere

53. The Fortune 500 executives ______.

A. set the trend toward more casual wear

B. are particular about what they wear

C. begin to wear suits more often than before

D. are usual1y indifferent to fashion trend

54. At the beginning of the "business casual" trend, business people wore casually______.

A. when meeting clients

B. on weekends

C. in summer

D. almost everyday

55. It is implied in the passage that the change of business dress from the casual to the formal reflects ______.

A. the changed of people’s taste in fashion

B. the ups and downs of the fashion industry

C. the ups and downs of the Internet companies

D. people’s difference in business dress

Part IV  Cloze

The United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage   56   in the United States ---about 9 new marriages for every 1,000 people---is   57   higher than it is in other industrialized countries.  However, marriage is   58   as widespread as it was several decades ago.   59   of American adults who are married   60   form 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent In 2002. This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried   61   their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some   62   in their lives. Experts   63   that about the same proportion of today’s young adults will eventually marry.

The timing of marriage has varied   64   over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the time of their first marriage was 25. The average age of men was about 27. Men and women in the United States marry for the first time at an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s.   65  , young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous   66   in U.S. history. Today’s later age of marriage is   67   the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent) during the 1950s than at any time before   68  . Experts do not agree on why the "marriage rush" of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a   69   to the return of peace full life and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic   70   and war.

56

A. rate

B. ratio

C. percentage

D. poll

57

A. potentially

B. intentionally

C. randomly

D. substantially

58

A. not any longer

B. no more

C. no longer

D. not any more

59

A. proportion

B. The proportion

C. The number

D. A number

60

A. declined

B. deteriorated

C. deduced

D. demolished

61

A. past

B. passing

C. throughout

D. through

62

A. period

B. level

C. point

D. respect

63

A. project

B. plan

C. promise

D. propose

64

A. unexpectedly

B. irregularly

C. flexibly

D. consistently

65

A. Besides

B. However

C. Whereas

D. Nevertheless

66

A. descendants

B. ascendants

C. population

D. generation

67

A. according to

B. in line with

C. based on

D. caused by

68

A. and after

B. or after

C. or since

D. ever since

69

A. refusal

B. realization

C. response

D. reality

70

A. repression

B. aggression

C. restriction

D. depression

Part V  Error Detection

71. It is an accepted custom for guests to take their gifts to the wedding reception when the couple

            A                   　　　　　　　B 　　　　　　　     C

invited them to attend.

     D

72. Some international students use a cassette recorder to make tapes of their classes so that they

                         　　　　   A                 　　　　　 B                    　　　　　　　　　  C

can repeat the lectures again.

                   　　　　   D

73. Despite of diligent effort to promote domestic production during the war years, the

       A

Continental Army had to rely primarily on captures and imports for much of its military

                　　　　　　  B               　　　　　C             　　　   D

hardware and even for clothing.

74. In a sense, farmers began primitive genetic engineering at the dawn of agriculture, which they

                                                   　　　　　　　　　  A                　　　　　　　　 B

kept seeds from their best plants, gradually improving the quality of successive generations.

           　　　　  C                          　　　　　 D

75. Students completing a course in computer science and technology can look forward to find a

             　　　　 A                                                　　　　　　　　　 B      　　　　　C

wide range of jobs.

        　D

76. The departments concerned shall listen and accept criticisms and rational suggestions

                          　　　　　　　　　　　  A             　　  B

regarding the protection of women’s rights and interests.

      C                    　　　　　 D

77. Astronomers have increases their observation powers greatly through improved high-powered

                　　　　　　　  A                         　　　　　 B            　　　　　C

telescope, computer simulations and coordinate with other scientists.

                                  　　　　　　　　  D

78. In business as a whole, there is a controversy as to whether are businesses really encouraging

             A                          　　　　　　　　　　B          　　　　　　   C

the prospects of greater equality in the workplace.

                     　　　　　　   D

79. It is ironic that although in 1955 actor James Dean made an advertisement warning teens of

   A

how harm it was to drive fast, he himself died from a speeding accident.

      B                　　　C               　　　　　　 D

80. Neither of the boys who have been helping us know the importance of his particular project.

 A             　　　　　　　　     B               　　　　　　 C                      　　　　　　　 D

2005年英语统考试题汉译英试题
随着我国社会经济的迅猛发展、人民生活水平的提高和医疗卫生事业的改善,我国老年人口明显增多。不少人对此忧心忡忡,但有识之士指出,我们不仅要看到人口老龄化所带来的巨大压力,也要看到人口老龄化背后所蕴涵的商机以及老年人丰富的智力、经验等资源,要将压力变为机遇。

翻译范文：
With the rapid development of our society's economy,people's living standard and medical industy are improved.People are severely worried about the increasing number of older people.Some experts say that not only it brings us enomous pressure,but also does it turn pressure into opportunity when we realize that the trade opportunity behind it and abundant of resourses such as telligent and experience.
人口老龄化也可以用Aging population表示
2005年英语统考英译汉部分题及答案
Progress in communication and transport technologies during the 20th century has enabled us to overcome geographical boundaries and revolutionize our way of living. The world is now linked to such an extent that a local happening cannot take place without impacting on the International community.
Globalization is not Just about increasing the worldwide circulation of information and ideas. Economically speaking, It entails transnational investment and international trade, thereby integrating all countries into a single giant world market. In terms of culture, globalization itself is neither positive nor negative: It may be either of them depending on our viewpoint.

2005年英语统考作文题
要求：写一篇不少于150字的作文，
关于：Whether College Students Should Be Allowed to Get Married
Outline:
1. Choose either of the two positions: College students should (not) be allowed to get married.
2. State your reasons for or against the issue
3. Conclusion