Men can develop breast cancer too, with many of the same symptoms. Enlarged breasts in men, known as gynecomastia, generally indicates an imbalance of estrogen and testosterone, which can occur from puberty or aging -- or it could be a sign of kidney disease, or a pituitary tumor.
男性也可能罹患乳腺癌，有很多症状同女性相似。男性乳房肿大，即通常所说的男子女性型乳房，通常表明男性雌激素与睾丸激素分泌不平衡，这种情况可能是由于青春期发育或年龄越来越大所致──要么就是罹患肾脏疾病或者垂体瘤的征兆。

'If I see a patient with a horizontal line through the middle of the fingernails, I'll ask what happened three months ago -- were they horribly ill or did someone die? They think I'm brilliant,' says Dr. Parsons. The markings, called Beau's Lines, sometimes appear when the body is particularly stressed. 'Your body is busy, so your nails take a little break and then start growing again,' Dr. Parsons says.
帕森斯医生说：“如果我看到病人的中指指甲上有一条横向的纹路，我会问病人三个月前发生过什么事情──是否有过严重的疾病，或者有亲近的人亡故了？他们都觉得我太神奇了。”这样的纹路称为博氏线（Beau's Line），在人体承受极大压力的情况下时有出现。帕森斯医生说：“你的身体太繁忙了，所以你的指甲就小休片刻，然后再接着生长。”

Nails tell other tales as well. White nail beds -- the skin underneath the nail -- can signify anemia. Nails that are white near the cuticle and red or brown near the tip can be a sign of kidney disease. Irregularly shaped brown or blue spots in the nail bed can be melanomas. Fingertips that are blue or clubbed can be a sign of lung disease -- although generally, there would be more significant signs as well.
通过指甲还能看出其他的问题。甲床──即指甲下方的皮肤──发白表明你也许有贫血。护膜附近的指甲呈白色、指尖附近的指甲呈红色或棕色可能是肾病的征兆。甲床上不规则的棕色或蓝色点可能是黑索瘤。指尖呈蓝色或者指尖粗大可能是肺部有问题──不过通常来说，如果真有肺病的话，身体会给出其他更为明显的信号。

Many of the same signs occur in toenails. But the feet are critical for other reasons. 'Feet tell you a huge amount about the health of the circulation,' says Dr. Denman, the Duke nursing instructor. 'The first place that vascular disease can show up is where the blood vessels are the smallest and the farthest away from the heart.'
同样的信号也会出现在脚趾甲上。不过脚部会有其他一些更为重要的信号。丹曼医生说：“脚部会有很多显示循环系统健康状况的信号。血管病最早会通过离心脏最远、最细的血管显示出来。”

Circulatory problems can manifest themselves as numbness and tingling in the feet; so can peripheral neuropathy, or damage to the nerves that often begins at the extremities. Both are signs of uncontrolled diabetes. With circulation compromised, even a minor scratch or sore on the feet can become infected easily; lack of sensation can make it easy to ignore, and gangrene can set in, requiring amputation. That's why people with diabetes are urged to check their feet every day for any kind of scratch or lesion.
脚部的麻木感和刺痛感可能预示着循环系统的问题、外部神经的问题或者神经的损伤，神经的损伤通常都是从神经末梢开始的。循环系统及神经的问题都是糖尿病的征兆。因为循环系统有问题，所以即便是脚部最最轻微的刮伤或是溃疡都非常容易感染；神经系统的麻木则导致这样的感染容易被忽视，久之便发展为坏疽，需要进行截肢手术。正是出于这个原因，我们要提请糖尿病患者切记每天检查双脚，看是否有擦伤或伤口。

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