Akita

汪星人秘史：12种狗狗的名字和来源（下）

As their breed names often attest, dogs are a truly international bunch. Named for their places of origin and sometimes even their original breeders, breed names offer a fascinating look into how we relate to man’s best friend. Let’s take a look at 12 different breeds and the backstories that their names have to offer.
由他们的品种名来看，狗狗是一种真正的国际化动物。它们的名称起源于它们的出生地，有时也来源于它们的饲养员。从品种名称便能看出来，我们与这些人类最好的朋友是有着怎样紧密的关系。让我们来看看12种不同品种的狗狗和它们的名称背后的故事。

Akita
秋田犬

This Japanese breed is named for the prefecture in the north-west of Honshu, where they are thought to have originated. Sometimes these dogs are known as Akita inu (literally ‘Akita dog’ in English). Also popular is the Shiba inu, most famous for being the face of the doge meme.
这种日本狗狗的名称源于本州岛的西北部地区，据说那儿是他们的起源地。有时这些狗也叫Akita inu（照字面意思看是“秋田犬”的英文写法）。同样受欢迎的还有日本柴犬，以doge meme表情包最为有名。

Corgi

Corgi
威尔士矮脚狗

The dog of choice for Queen Elizabeth II, who has owned several corgis, the corgi originates in Wales. In Welsh, the name means ‘dwarf-dog’, from cor ‘dwarf’ and gi ‘dog’.
女王伊丽莎白二世也养过好几条这种狗，威尔士矮脚狗起源于威尔士。在威尔士，这个名字的意思是“矮小的狗”，由cor（“矮小”的意思）加上gi（“狗”的意思）组成。

Dachshund

Dachshund
腊肠犬

Lop off the hund(German for dog), and you end up with dachs, which is German for badger – what these dogs were originally trained to hunt. You might also know these dogs as wiener dogs, a reference to their long, thin bodies, which are reminiscent of sausages.
去抓住猎物（德国人对猎狗说），然后你就到达克斯了，那是德国人抓獾的地方——那些猎犬一开始被训练来打猎。你可能也知道这些狗也叫维也纳香肠犬，是说它又长又小的体格让人想到香肠。

Dalmatian

Dalmati
达尔马提亚犬

Dalmatia is the name for a region that is now part of Croatia and Montenegro, formerly part of Yugoslavia and before that an Austrian province. Despite those famous spots, the Dalmatian is related to the Great Dane.
达尔马提亚犬这个名字起源于现克罗地亚和黑山共和国的部分地区，原来是南斯拉夫的地盘，在那之前又是属于奥地利。尽管有那么多著名的起源地，但达尔马提亚犬仍跟大丹犬有一定的关系。

Doberman(n) pinscher

Doberman(n) pinscher
杜宾犬

The name of this breed comes from its first breeder, Ludwig Dobermann (1834–94), a 19th-century German tax-collector. The origin of pinscher, on the other hand, has not been verified, though it has been suggested that Pinzgau, a region of north-western Austria, may be the source.
这类品种名来源于它第一个饲养者Ludwig Dobermann (1834–94)，他是十九世纪的一个税务员。另一方面，即便没有被证实，也有人说这类狗狗可能起源于奥地利西北部的一个叫Pinzgau的地区。

Great Dane

Great Dane
大丹犬

As much as the literary-minded among us wish that this dog breed were named after Hamlet, the breed name comes from the French grand danois (‘Great Dane’), and likely is descended from a mix of mastiff and greyhound or wolfhound.
出于文学情结，我们都希望这类犬种是以文学作品《哈姆雷特》命名的。这种犬名来源于法国的grand danois（“大丹犬”），并且有可能是獒犬和灵缇犬或者猎狼犬结合的后裔。