Jack Russel Terrier

汪星人秘史：12种狗狗的名字和来源（上）

Jack Russell terrier
杰克拉西尔梗

‘Jack Russell’ owners must sometimes wonder who it is that their dog is named after. Jack Russell, as it turns out, was an English parson known as the ‘The Sporting Parson’, who began to breed terriers for sport in the first half of the 19th century.
杰克拉西尔梗的主人或许有时很想知道他们狗狗的名字来源。Jack Russell，听起来就是一个就像是“爱好运动的牧师”那样的英国牧师的名字，他从19世纪上半叶开始饲养梗犬来进行体育活动。

Labrador

Labrador
拉布拉多犬

Named after the Labrador Peninsula in Canada, where the breed was developed, the Labrador retriever is one of the most popular dogs in the US and UK. The name ‘Labrador’ comes from Portuguese explorer João Fernandes Lavrador, who helped to map that section of the Canadian coast in at the turn of the 14th century.
这是以加拿大的拉布拉多半岛命名的，那里的饲养业很发达。拉布拉多猎犬在美国和英国是最受欢迎的狗狗之一。拉布拉多犬这个名字是来源于葡萄牙的一个叫João Fernandes Lavrador的探险家，他在14世纪初的时候帮助绘制了加拿大海岸部分地区的地图
。

Rottweiler

Rottweiler
罗威纳犬

Known for its abilities as a guard dog, the Rottweiler comes from the German town of Rottweil around the turn of the 20th century. Formerly, the dog was known as a Rottweiler Hund, or ‘dog from Rottwei’.
以它作为一种警卫犬的能力而得名，罗威纳犬来源于20世纪初德国的一个叫Rottweil的小镇。这种狗以前叫罗威纳猎犬或者罗威犬。

Shih-tzu

Shih-tzu
西施犬

Given that there’s nothing particularly intimidating about these small lap dogs, it’s amusing to learn that the name comes from the Chinese term shīzigǒu, which roughly translates as ‘lion-son-dog’.
虽然这类哈巴狗没什么特别吓人之处，但有趣是它的名字来源于中文“狮子狗”（可以直译为“狮-子-狗”）。

Spaniel

Spaniel
西班牙猎犬

Originating in Spain, spaniel comes from the Old French word espaignol (or espaigneul), used to refer to a ‘Spanish dog’. One popular breed of spaniel is the King Charles spaniel, so named due to the great fondness that King Charles II of England had for the dog.
这类狗起源于西班牙。西班牙猎犬这个名字起源于一个古法语词espaignol (或者espaigneul)，曾被用来表示一只“西班牙狗”。一个有名的西班牙猎犬品种是查理士王小猎犬，之所以叫这个名字，是因为英国查理士国王非常喜欢并曾经饲养过这种狗。

St. Bernard

St. Bernard
圣伯纳犬

Why exactly is a dog named after Saint Bernard of Aosta (c. 996–c. 1081)? The reason is that Bernard of Aosta founded guest houses in two dangerous passes in the Alps, known both for their hospitality as well as the specially trained dogs that he and the other monks often employed to rescue travellers. Both the passes (Great and Little St. Bernard) were named after him, along with the breed of rescue dogs that he started.
为什么这类狗的名字是用Saint Bernard of Aosta (c. 996–c. 1081)来命名的呢？原因是Bernard of Aosta在阿尔卑斯山脉的两条险道建了旅店，以好客和旅客救援狗而闻名。这些狗是他和其他僧侣一起训练的。这两条险道（大、小圣伯纳通道）和这种狗都以他的名字来命名。