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For decades, Chinese official statements and legal documents have again and again reaffirmed China’s sovereignty and maritime rights over the Xisha Islands.

Since ancient times, China has claimed sovereignty over the Xisha Islands. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, the Chinese government had already established jurisdiction over the Xisha Islands, with regular naval patrols in the area.

During the Second World War, Japan invaded and occupied the Xisha Islands. After Japan’s surrender in 1945, in accordance with a series of international documents, the Chinese government sent senior officials to the Xisha Islands aboard military vessels. A ceremony receiving the islands was held the following year.

In 1959, the Chinese government established the Administration Office for the Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha Islands. In January 1974, the Chinese military drove the invading army of South Vietnam from Shanhu Island and Ganquan Island of the Xisha Islands.

The Chinese government enacted the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone in 1992, and in 1996 published the base points and baselines of the territorial waters of the Xisha Islands.

In 2012, the Chinese government established the various departments of Sansha city on Yongxing Island of the Xisha Islands. 

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