Hints:

intonation 语调

jot down words or phrases 记下单词或短语

shorthand 速记

service words 修饰语

abbreviation 缩写

connective(s) 连接词

reminisce 回忆，回想

Effective Note-taking Good morning, everyone! Today I'd like to continue our series of talks about study skills in university.This morning I'm going to discuss how to take notes effectively. As we all know, note-taking is difficult since spoken language is more diffused than written language and its organization is not immediately apparent. In addition, spoken language is quickly gone, which makes analysis difficult. So it can be seen that to achieve such a complex task as note-taking, a high level of ability in many separate skills is required. Now let's discuss these skills in detail. Before taking notes, prepare yourself mentally. Be sure of your purpose and the speaker's purpose. Review your notes and other background material if available because increased knowledge results in increased interest. Besides, a clear sense of purpose on your part will make the speaker's content more relevant. Be ready to understand and remember. Anticipate what is to come, and later evaluate how well you were able to do this. While taking notes, the student has to understand what the lecturer says as he says it. The student cannot stop the lecture in order to look up a new word or check an unfamiliar sentence pattern. This puts the non-native speaker of English under a particularly severe strain. Often he may not be able to recognize words in speech which he understands straightaway in print. He'll also meet words in a lecture which are completely new to him. While he should, of course, try to develop the ability to infer their meanings from the context, he won't always be able to do this successfully. He must not allow failure of this kind to discourage him, however. It is often possible to understand much of a lecture by concentrating solely on those points which are most important. But how does the student decide what is important? It is, in fact, the second skill I want to talk about today. Probably the most important piece of information in a lecture is the title itself. If this is printed beforehand, the student should study it carefully and make sure he is in no doubt about its meaning. Whatever happens he should make sure that he writes it down accurately and completely. A title often implies many of the major points that will later be covered in the lecture itself.
高效的记笔记方式 大家早上好！今天，我将继续我们的系列讲座，内容是大学学习技巧。今天上午，我就如何有效地记笔记谈谈我个人看法。 我们都知道，记笔记是有难度的，因为口语比书面语更加散乱，且口语组织结构不是很明显。加之口头语言转瞬即逝，这增加了分析的难度。所以，我们可以看出，要完成记笔记这么复杂的任务，需要充分掌握许多不同方面的技巧。现在，我们从细节处谈谈这些技巧。 在记笔记之前，要做好心理准备。确定你和演讲人的目的。如果时间允许，浏览你的笔记和其他背景资料，因为知识越多，兴趣就越大。另外，明确自己目的有助于演讲内容不离题。做好理解和牢记的准备。预测演讲人接下来要说的内容，然后估计自己能将这些步骤做得多好。 记笔记的时候，学生必须在演讲人说话的同时，马上理解他说的内容。学生不能停止听讲座，而去翻字典或查找不熟悉的句型。这让非英语母语的学生高度紧张。他们经常无法听懂演讲的词汇，即使在阅读时他们明白这些词汇的意思。他们还会在演讲中遇到完全陌生的词汇。这时他们该试着培养从语境中推测词义的能力，当然，他们并非每次都能做到这点。但是，他们不能因这方面的失败泄气。仅仅将注意力集中在重点，就能够理解演讲的大意。但学生要如何判定重点所在呢？事实上，这就是我今天要讲的第二个技巧。 或许一场演讲的重中之重就是标题本身了。如果标题事先已给出，学生应该认真分析标题，确保了解标题意思。无论如何，他要确保把标题正确、完整地写下来。标题通常隐藏着重要信息，我在接下来的讲座中会提到。