小编前言：阅读是四级英语中重要的得分点和难点，对长难句的分析则决定了对阅读的彻底理解，也是学习语法，积累高级词汇、句型不可或缺的来源。而四级英语真题阅读部分均选自Times、Telegraph等著名外文报纸及杂志，其行文和词汇原汁原味，值得考生细细品味和灵活借鉴。准备2013年12月英语四级的同学们，还等什么？赶快学起来吧！同时，欢迎各位考生针对例句的翻译及分析给出自己的理解哦！

1. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that areexternal and environmental. (1996. 阅读. Text 3)
【译文】区分有机体和周围环境，以及分辨作用于有机体的各种力是生物内部的力还是来自外部环境的，似乎十分简单。
【析句】句子的主干结构是It seems simple to distinguish between...and...and to seperate...into..., it形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。forces acting on an organism中，acting为现在分词作定语，相当于that are。those后that引导定语从句，and连接并列的those+定语从句结构。

2. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. (1996. 阅读. Text 3)
【译文】如果我们将人类看作动物并尝试分析环境对有机体的影响，那么我们不得不考虑气候、土壤、植物等一些对于所有生物环境来说共同的要素；但我们也发现，被定义为“文化”的环境影响始终非常重要，它可以改变物理和生物因素。
【析句】本例句有两个复合句的分句构成，以分号为界。前句If we look at man...and try to analyze...为条件状语从句，从句中含有that引导定语从句，主句为we find that+宾语从句；后句中，主句we find environmental influences very important,environmental influences后是that引导定语从句，为避免句子头重脚轻，将always important提前，并起到了强调作用，最后，which modify...是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整句话。

3. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. (1996. 阅读. Text 4)
【译文】既然这种对于英语语言的衰退的担忧并不被看作一代人的现象，而是特指对于今天的年轻人的新现象，因此可以很自然地认为是现在的英语老师教得不好。
【析句】主句it naturally follows that...,it形式主语，that引导主句从句；从句较长，但结构不难since this concern about... is not perceived as...but rather as...,since引导让步主语从句，从句中包含短语perceive...as的被动形式和not...but rather...。

本文句子翻译及解析为沪江英语原创，转载请注明出处。