今天又要上化学课了，相信好多同学还知道我们以前学过的几个化学元素符号吧？除此之外大家还可以知道那些化学元素名命名的由来~~~

❤《万物简史》推出部落节目版，戳这里订阅:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/



书本的朗读语音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好学着模仿哦~~~！！
因为原著为美国人所写,单词采用美式拼法,不抄全文，也不用写序号。答完一空换行继续下一空作答。文中需听写单词或词组用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。请边听写边理解文意，根据下面的TIPS训练听写。这样可以提高听力准确度，并为训练听译打下基础哦~~~

TIPS听写训练点：单词拼写，时态，单复数，连读，长难句（请边听边用符号先记下内容，然后自己回头组织语句，最后校对，不要逐字逐句听写）



Hints:
H2O2
hydrogen
peroxide
exalted



Because chemists for so long worked in [-1-] , conventions were slow to emerge. [---2---] C2H4 could [-3-] ethylene or marsh gas. There was hardly a molecule that was uniformly represented everywhere.

Scientists also used [-4-] symbols and abbreviations, often self-invented. Sweden's J. J. Berzelius brought a much-needed measure of order to matters by decreeing that the elements be abbreviated on the basis of their Greek or Latin names, [-5-] Fe (from the Latin ferrum ) and that for silver is Ag (from the Latin argentum ). [---6---](N for nitrogen, O for oxygen, H for hydrogen, and so on) reflects English's Latinate nature, not its [-7-] status. To indicate the number of atoms in a molecule, Berzelius [-8-] a superscript notation, as in H^2 O. [---9---]: H2O.



isolation Until well into the second half of the century, the formula H2O2 might mean water to one chemist but hydrogen peroxide to another. signify a bewildering variety of which is why the abbreviation for iron is That so many of the other abbreviations accord with their English names exalted employed Later, for no special reason, the fashion became to render the number as subscript
由于化学家们长期在隔绝的环境里工作，形成统一用语的速度很慢。直到19世纪末叶，H2O对一个化学家来说意为水，对另一个化学家来说意为过氧化氢。C2H4可以指乙烯，也可以指沼气。几乎没有哪种分子符号在各地是统一的。 　　化学家们还使用各种令人困惑的符号和缩写，常常是自己发明的。瑞典的J.J.伯采留斯发明了一种非常急需的排列方法，规定元素应当依照其希腊文或拉丁文名字加以缩写。这就是为什么铁的缩写是Fe（源自拉丁文ferrum），银的缩写是Ag（源自拉丁文argentum）。许多别的缩写与英文名字一致（氮是N，氧是O，氢是H等等），这反映了英语的拉丁语支性质，并不是因为它的地位高。为了表示分子里的原子数量，伯采留斯使用了一种上标方法，如H^2 O。后来，也没有特别的理由，大家流行把数字改为下标，如H2O。