万物简史:PART III CH 8爱因斯坦的宇宙（17）
来源：沪江听写酷
2012-01-03 07:00
相对论涉及很多的数学公式和物理定理。它表述的理论简言之就是物体越接近光速，相对于旁观者，该物体就越扭曲~~~
❤《万物简史》推出部落节目版，戳这里订阅:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需听写单词或词组用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。请边听写边理解文意，这样可以提高听力准确度，并为训练听译打下基础哦~~~
Hint:
Einstein
When a journalist asked the British astronomer Sir Arthur Eddington [---1---], Eddington considered deeply for a moment and replied: "I am trying to think who the third person is." In fact, the problem with relativity wasn't that it involved a lot of differential equations, Lorentz transformations, and other complicated mathematics (though it did—even Einstein needed help with some of it), but that it was just so [-2-] nonintuitive.
[-3-] what relativity says is that space and time are not absolute, but relative to both the observer and to the thing being observed, [---4---]. We can never accelerate ourselves to the speed of light, and the harder we try (and faster we go) the more [-5-] we will become, relative to an outside observer.
Almost at once popularizers of science tried to [-6-] ways to make these concepts [-7-] a general audience. One of the more successful attempts—[-8-]—was The ABC of Relativity by the mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell. In it, Russell [-9-] an image that has been used many times since. He asked the reader to envision a train 100 yards long moving at 60% of the speed of light. [---10---] If we could hear the passengers on the train speak, their voices would sound slurred and sluggish, like a record played at too slow a speed, and their movements would appear similarly ponderous. Even the clocks on the train would seem to be running at only 4/5 of their normal speed.
❤《万物简史》推出部落节目版，戳这里订阅:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需听写单词或词组用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。请边听写边理解文意，这样可以提高听力准确度，并为训练听译打下基础哦~~~
Hint:
Einstein
When a journalist asked the British astronomer Sir Arthur Eddington [---1---], Eddington considered deeply for a moment and replied: "I am trying to think who the third person is." In fact, the problem with relativity wasn't that it involved a lot of differential equations, Lorentz transformations, and other complicated mathematics (though it did—even Einstein needed help with some of it), but that it was just so [-2-] nonintuitive.
[-3-] what relativity says is that space and time are not absolute, but relative to both the observer and to the thing being observed, [---4---]. We can never accelerate ourselves to the speed of light, and the harder we try (and faster we go) the more [-5-] we will become, relative to an outside observer.
Almost at once popularizers of science tried to [-6-] ways to make these concepts [-7-] a general audience. One of the more successful attempts—[-8-]—was The ABC of Relativity by the mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell. In it, Russell [-9-] an image that has been used many times since. He asked the reader to envision a train 100 yards long moving at 60% of the speed of light. [---10---] If we could hear the passengers on the train speak, their voices would sound slurred and sluggish, like a record played at too slow a speed, and their movements would appear similarly ponderous. Even the clocks on the train would seem to be running at only 4/5 of their normal speed.
if it was true that he was one of only three people in the world who could understand Einstein's relativity theories
thoroughly
In essence
and the faster one moves the more pronounced these effects become
distorted
come up with
accessible to
commercially at least
employed
To someone standing on a platform watching it pass, the train would appear to be only 80 yards long and everything on it would be similarly compressed.
有一位记者问英国天文学家阿瑟•爱丁顿，他是不是真的就是世界上仅有的三个能理解爱因斯坦的相对论的人之一。爱丁顿认真地想了片刻，然后回答说："我正在想谁是第三个人呢。"实际上，相对论的问题并不在于它涉及许多微分方程、洛伦兹变换和其他复杂的数学（虽然它确实涉及--有的方面连爱因斯坦也需要别人帮忙），而是在于它不是凭直觉所能完全搞懂的。
实质上，相对论的内容是：空间和时间不是绝对的，而是既相对于观察者，又相对于被观察者；一个人移动得越快，这种效果就越明显。我们永远也无法将自己加速到光的速度；相对于旁观者而言，我们越是努力（因此我们走得越快），我们的模样就越会失真。
几乎同时，从事科学普及的人想要设法使广大群众弄懂这些概念。数学家和哲学家罗素写的《相对论ABC》就是一次比较成功的尝试--至少在商业上可以这么说。罗素在这本书里使用了至今已经多次使用过的比喻。他让读者想像一列100米长的火车在以光速的60％行驶。对于立在站台上望着它驶过的人来说，那列火车看上去会只有80余米长，车上的一切都会同样缩小。要是我们听得见车上的人在说话，他们的声音听上去会含糊不清，十分缓慢，犹如唱片放得太慢，他们的行动看上去也会变得很笨拙。连车上的钟也会似乎只在以平常速度的4/5走动。
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