第3部分：概括大意与完成句子  (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3～6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
　　Electromagnetic Energy
　 　1．White light seems to be a combination of all colors．The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see．Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light．On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunbam even though you feel coo1．Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy．
　　2．The sun is 93 million miles from the earth．Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space．
　　3．Many Other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy．Radio，television，and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic wavesl Infrared(红外线的)radiation is an electromagnetic wave．When it is absorbed by matter．heat is produced.Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio，television，or radar.Ultraviolet rays(紫外线)and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy．Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings．Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living．Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killilag certain disease organisms．X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid obieets．They can be used to detect and treat cancer．X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal．and in medicine to reveal broken bones．
　　4．  Usually we use electricity to．generate electromagnetic energy．The source of most of our energy is the sun．Heat from the sun causes water to evadorate．When the water falls to the earth as rain．some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators．Other generators are powered by coal，but the energy stored in coal came from the sun，too．
　　5．Until recently,the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle．If the sun depended on chemical reactions．it would have used up all its energy long ago．Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy．About forty years after the theory was proposed，nuclear energy was hamessed(利用)by man.Chemical energy comes from electron(电子)rearrangement．Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom．Compared with chemical reactions，nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel．We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium (氦)．
　　6．  Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity．It is also being used to operate engines in large ships．Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.
　　23 Paragraph 3
　　24 Paragraph 4
　　25 Paragraph 5
　　26 Paragraph 6
　　A Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun's Energy
　　B The Most lmportant Source of Energy
　　C Types of Electromagnetic Energy
　　D The Machines Used for Energy Generation
　　E Seeking New Sources of Energy
　　F The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine
　　27 One can get a sunburn even              .
　　28 Infrared radiation can produce heat            .
29 X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and
　　treat cancer           .
　　30 Chemical energy is generated              .
　　A when it is absorbed by matter
　　B when it is cloudy
　　C because they can pass through solid objects
　　D when the sunrays are fierce
　　E when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place
　　F when electron rearrangement takes place

　　第4部分：阅读理解(第3~45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
　　第一篇     Valuing Childhood
　 　The value of childhood is easily blurred(变得模糊不清)in today's world．Consider some recent developments：The child．murderers in the Jonesboro,Ark．schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced．Two boys，7 and 8,were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago．
　　Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will．Yet，as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed，the one boy who was able to address the court couldn't begin to explain his acts．though he tried to apologize．There may have been a motive-youthful jealousy(妒忌)and resentment．But a deeper question remains：Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner,moral restraint?
　　That question echoes for the accused in Chicago．young as they are．They wanted the girl's bicycle,a selfish impulse common enough among kids．
　　Redemption(拯救)is a practical necessity．How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence?The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time．Despite horror at what was done，children are not-cannot be-dealt with as adults．not if a people wants to consider jtself civilized．That's why politicians'cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point．
　　But the moral void(真空)that invites violence has many sources．Family instability contributes：So does economic stress．That void．however,can be filled．The work starts wifh
　　parents，who have to ask themselves whether they're doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong．Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought?
　　Schools．too,have a role in building character．So do youth organizations．So do law enfomement agencies，which can do more to inform the young about laws，their meaning，and
　　their observance(遵守)．
　 　The goal．ultimately,is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年)，so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don't go that far,but who 1ack the moral foundations childhood should provide-and which progressive human society relies on．
　　3l The two boys in Chicago were
　　A  shot．
　　B  murdered．
　　C  accused．
　　D  sentenced．
　　32 The boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of
　　A  right and wrong．
　　B discipline．
　　C  shame．
　　D  safety．
　　33 According to politicians，when children commit crimes，they should be treated in the same way as
　　A  murderers.
　　B  criminals．
　　C  victims．
　　D  adults．
　　34 Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void?
　　A  Official corruption．
　　B  Social injustice．
　　C  Family instability．
　　D  Racial discrimination．
　　35 Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage?
　　A  Parents should strengthen moral instruction．
　　B  Schools should help create a moral sense in children．
　　C Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws?
　　D  Youth organizations play no role in building character．