科学60秒:天花疫苗有助对抗HIV？
来源：沪江听写酷
2011-04-14 09:02
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Could the ___1___ of smallpox have been a factor in the spread of HIV? That’s the question posed by researchers in the journal BMC Immunology, who think that the vaccine might have offered partial protection against HIV. As smallpox was ___2___, fewer people received the vaccine. The HIV explosion followed.
In this small study, the researchers exposed immune cells from 10 smallpox-vaccinated people to HIV. Cells from 10 people never vaccinated against smallpox were also exposed. And HIV did ___3___ much more successfully in the cells from the non-vaccinated subjects.
Further research confirming the relationship between stopping the smallpox vaccine and the rise of HIV would not surprise William McNeill. The author of the classic book Plagues and Peoples also wrote a chapter titled "Patterns of Disease Emergence in History" for the 1993 book Emerging Viruses. He ___4___ our ability to “insulate ourselves from local and frequent disasters.” But doing so comes at the cost of “creating a new vulnerability to some larger disaster.” McNeill concluded: “___5(句子)___.”
Could the ___1___ of smallpox have been a factor in the spread of HIV? That’s the question posed by researchers in the journal BMC Immunology, who think that the vaccine might have offered partial protection against HIV. As smallpox was ___2___, fewer people received the vaccine. The HIV explosion followed.
In this small study, the researchers exposed immune cells from 10 smallpox-vaccinated people to HIV. Cells from 10 people never vaccinated against smallpox were also exposed. And HIV did ___3___ much more successfully in the cells from the non-vaccinated subjects.
Further research confirming the relationship between stopping the smallpox vaccine and the rise of HIV would not surprise William McNeill. The author of the classic book Plagues and Peoples also wrote a chapter titled "Patterns of Disease Emergence in History" for the 1993 book Emerging Viruses. He ___4___ our ability to “insulate ourselves from local and frequent disasters.” But doing so comes at the cost of “creating a new vulnerability to some larger disaster.” McNeill concluded: “___5(句子)___.”
eradication
wiped out
replicate
mused on
Perhaps what we face as humans is a conservation of catastrophe.
研究学者在英国医学委员会免疫学期刊上提出，天花的消灭会不会对艾滋病病毒的传播产生影响。他们认为，天花疫苗很有可能对艾滋病病毒起到部分抑制作用。自天花绝迹以来，很少有人接种天花疫苗，而其后，艾滋病病毒开始迅速蔓延。
研究人员将10名天花疫苗接种者的免疫细胞以及另外10名未接种者的体细胞暴露在艾滋病病毒环境中。结果发现，相比之下，艾滋病病毒更容易在未接种过天花疫苗的细胞中增殖。
进一步研究发现，艾滋病病毒蔓延与天花疫苗接种停止有关。但这一发现并没有震慑到威廉姆·麦克奈尔。麦克奈尔是《瘟疫与人类》一书的作者。并且，他在1993年出版的《新生病毒》一书中“史上疾病的产生模式”这一章节中仔细探讨了人们“摆脱当地高频疾病”的能力，但这是以“将无力应对更大疾病”为代价的。麦克奈尔总结道：“也许，我们人类要面对的是无穷无尽的灾难。”
