错误类型 (想看具体之前解题方法直接点击)

1.逻辑表达错误 2.介词使用错误 3.代词使用错误 4.非谓语动词使用错误 5.主谓语前后不一致错误   6.名词的使用错误 7.冠词的使用错误8.词性使用错误 9.句子结构的错误 10.时态语态和语气的使用错误 11.易混淆词的使用错误。

 

九、句子结构的错误

 

在英语中按句型来说可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四种，从结构上来说又可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句三种。句子的结构错误是构成句子完整结构的某一成分用错或者缺少，或者使用了多于成分而造成句意不清的错误类型。由于英语语法和汉语语法特点在结构上表现得十分明显，主、谓、宾结构在数、格、人称上的一致、连接手段的正确使用以及词序安排等，都与汉语有着相当大的差异，因此在改错中也是一大难点。句子结构错误类型包括：句子类型使用错误、句子成分短缺、平行结构错误以及词组搭配使用错误。

 

例 1

Computer analyzed marketing reports can help

deciding which products to emphasize now, which

to develop for the future, and which to be dropped.                          1.__________

 

本句中三个平行成分 which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped 结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而 to be dropped 应改为 to drop 。

 例 2

When we consider the comfortable circumstances

of a working family today, the life of the workingman

in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had

been ever hard.                                                                             1.__________

 

根据上文中“ earlier ”可知，原句显然是将 1882 年以前的生活与 1882 年时的生活作比较，所以此处 hard 应该改为 harder 。

 例 3

At the beginning of the nineteenth century working

hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful,

and working conditions being poor and dangerous.                            1.__________

 

在该句中， working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous 三个小分句为并列结构关系，因此必须保持成分和结构上的一致性，故应该将 being 改为 were 。

 例 4

However, a second person thought that this was

more a question of civilized behavior as good                                    1.__________

manners.

 

“ more…than… ”是固定搭配用法，在此句中表示“与其…不如…”的意思，而不是“比…多”的意思；没有“ more…as… ”的搭配用法，故应该将 as 改为 than 。

 

练习题

 

1 On the contrary, the intimate atmosphere of the

small college allows the student four years of structural

living in which to expect and preparing for the real world.                   1.__________

 

2 In making his choice among educational institutions

the student must, therefore, consider a great many factors.

Going to school is part of the socialization process,

and so going to the movies.                                                            2.__________

 

3 The next morning the sun rose like a red ball on the

eastern horizon. But somehow after breakfast it hid

itself behind patches of clouds but it seemed a rain was                     3.__________

apparent.

 

4 But luckily, no sooner had we entered the car when it                     4.__________

suddenly began to rain.

 

5 That is worthy of note about these two groups is that                    5.__________

among the 40 people there are only two women.

 

6 Women members are so less than members that we                      6.__________

again think of the outdated prejudice that women are

inferior in intelligence.

 

7 The best way to avoid using dictionaries when you

are reading English books is to try to remember many                       7.__________

words as you can.

 

8 It is just on that day when I bumped into Miss Helen                      8.__________

on my way to work.

 

9 It is in the cinema not on the street where he lost his                     9.__________

wallet which contained ＄ 1,000 in it.

 

10 In the future passengers ships will be built to travel

undersea, and special underwater ships will be designed

for mining, fishing, and to exploring unknown areas.                         10.__________

 



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