2011年山东省烟台市中考英语真题及答案

四、阅读理解（30分）
A
A doctor was once teaching a class of medical students at a famous hospital in Edinburge. An injured man was brought in, and the doctor turned to one of his students and asked him, “What’s wrong with this man ?”

“I don’t know, sir,” the student answered. “Shall I examine him and find out?”

“There’s no need to examine him,” said the doctor. “You should know without asking questions. He has hurt his right knee. Didn’t you notice the way he walked? He hurt it by burning it in the fire. You see his trousers leg is burnt away at the knee. This is Monday morning. Yesterday was fine, but on Saturday the roads were wet and muddy. The man’s trousers are muddy all over. The man fell down on Saturday night.”

The doctor then turned to the man and said, “You had your pay on Saturday and went to a public house and drank too much. You got muddy and wet on the way home. Because you had drunk too much, you fell on the fire and burnt your knee. Is that right?

“Yes, sir,” said the man.

56. The medical students were having a lesson ______.
A. at the library B. in a classroom
C. at a well-known hospital D. in a medical school

57. The man hurt his knee _______.
A. on Monday B. on Sunday night C. on Saturday night D. yesterday

58. How did the doctor know that the man burnt his knee?
A. From the way he walked. B. By seeing his trousers leg is burnt away at the knee.
C. By seeing the man’s trousers are muddy all over. D. Both A and B

59.Which is the right order according to the passage?
① He burnt his knee. ②He got drunk. ③He fell down and got muddy. ④He had his pay.
A. ①②③④ B. ④③②① C. ③④①② D. ④②③①

60. From the passage we know that _______ is very important for medical students.
A. watching and thinking B. taking good care of others
C. learning from others D. teaching

B
As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.

Scientists have found out that the radiation（辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won’t be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far.

Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion（爆炸）in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage（损坏）.

Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should do something to help improve the space environment.

61. ______ shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.

A.                    B.               C.                  D.

62. The radiation from the sun and other stars is ______ to spacemen.
A. good B. helpful C. useful D. harmful

63. The underlined word “fragments”means “______”.
A. 碎片 B. 泡沫 C. 烟雾 D. 飞碟

64. The passage talks about _________ kinds of danger in space.
A. two B. three C. four D. five

65. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.
B. Every one of us can have a travel to space in ten years.
C. The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen’s children.
D. Space is really dangerous, so it doesn’t interest anyone on the earth.

C
Bill Gates is head of the software company Microsoft and one of the world’s richest men. He was born on October 28, 1955 and grew up in Seattle with his two sisters. He was a very bright boy. Science and math were his two favorite subjects at school. And he dreamed of being a scientist.

Bill first started to play on computers at the age of 13. At that time, a computer was a very large machine. Once he was interested in a very old computer. He and some of his friends spent as much time as possible on computers. In the end, they worked out a software program. Bill sold it for 4,200 dollars when he was only 17.

In 1973, Bill went to Harvard University. In 1975, Bill and his partners developed a software program called BASIC. This was not the first program ever created, but its inventors were the first to decide that people who wanted to use it should pay for it. BASIC was a success. Then Bill left

Harvard to work for Microsoft, a company he started in 1975 with his boyhood friend Paul Allen. They thought the computer would come into every office and every home soon. So they began developing software for personal computers. They improved the software to make it easier for people to use computers. After many years of hard work, Microsoft becomes one of the most successful companies. And Bill Gates also becomes one of the richest businessmen in the world.

根据文章内容将信息卡补充完整。

D
American schools are quite different from those in China. In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select their courses and teachers first. While in China students usually have no chances to select their courses and teachers.

Selecting is very important for your grades in America. So at the first term, don’t select too many courses, you’ll feel very nervous and it may influence your study. Then you have to ask for some teaching plans. There is some information about subjects, time arranging, marks and textbooks. At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. If the teacher is called “killer” by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him. Because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework, too many exams and give too low grades.

There is another thing after you select the course and the teacher. How to buy textbooks makes each student feel hard. The textbooks in America are very expensive. Each copy is about $30～50. In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks, and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library. You must get enough ready before class. In class, discussing is very important. 75. 老师鼓励你提出问题或展示你自己的观点。They don’t usually ask you to sit well. Instead they allow you to sit or stand everywhere you like. They don’t give you much homework to do. You can learn some knowledge and do exercises by yourself. So in American schools, you must do almost all things yourself.
根据文章内容，补全71、72句中所缺单词、短语或句子。

71. At the beginning of the new term, American students have to ask for some teaching plans and get their textbooks ready besides ____________________.

72. The teacher____________________will always leave too much homework, too many exams and give too low grades.

73. 根据文章内容回答问题。
Why do many students in America buy used textbooks ?

74. 请将文中黑体字译成汉语。

75. 请将划线句子译成英语。

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