Indiay

印度

by Julie Bray

朱莉•布雷

 

A1
Question: Where do pyjamas, yoga, curry, gurus and Bollywood films come from?
Answer: India, of course!
A1
问题：睡衣，瑜伽，咖喱，大师和宝莱坞电影来自哪里呢？
回答：当然是印度！


A2
August the 15th is the birthday of modern, independent India. Fifty seven years ago Jawaharlal Nehru claimed independence for this huge country and its massive population. To celebrate, let’s look at some ways Indian culture has influenced and inspired other cultures around the world.
A2
8月15日是现代独立印度的诞辰。57年以前，尼赫鲁宣称这个巨大的有着众多人口的国家独立了。为了庆祝，让我们看看印度对世界各地其它文化的影响和启发的一些方式。


B
First, Indian food, especially its richly spiced dishes which are called ‘curry’ outside India, has become a worldwide favourite. Most countries have their own version of the Indian curry. In Japan it is very sweet and in Thailand an Indian-style chicken curry is served alongside Thai curries. In the more cosmopolitan cities around the world, you can buy samosas (fried snacks with a filling) and naan bread alongside local snacks.
B
首先，印度食物，特别是在印度以外被叫做“咖喱”的辣的食物，已经被全世界喜爱。大多数国家有自己版本的印度咖哩。在日本，咖哩是甜的。在泰国，印度风格的咖哩鸡和泰国咖哩一起被送上餐桌。在当地小吃里，你可以买到咖哩角（带馅的油炸小吃）和烤饼面包。


C
If you have eaten too many samosas and are worried about your health, try Yoga. This is an ancient Hindu philosophy and system of exercises originating in India. Yoga is now recognised all over the world as an intelligent form of exercise. Regular practice can heal minor illnesses, change your state of mind, help you lose weight or work your muscles. More and more different types of yoga are being developed and the original poses have been adapted to suit modern needs. Yoga has become so fashionable around the world that a lot of companies are using pictures of people doing yoga dressed in white to sell their products!
C
如果你吃了太多的咖哩角，担心你的健康，你可以尝试做一下瑜伽。这是一种古老的印度哲学和运动系统，起源于印度。瑜伽目前是全世界公认的一种智慧的运动。经常练习可以治疗小病，改变你的心态，帮助你减肥或练肌肉。越来越多类型的瑜伽正在被开发，原来的动作适应了现代要求。瑜伽在全世界如此流行，以致许多公司使用穿着白衣服，做着瑜伽的人们的图片来销售他们的产品。


D
One of the most famous things about modern Indian culture is the Indian film industry, known as Bollywood. The usual story is about a boy and a girl who love each other but their families don’t approve. There is a lot of dancing and singing in the film as the boy and girl try to convince their families to let them marry. The increasing interest in Bollywood films inspired Andrew Lloyd Webber to produce the musical Bombay Dreams, which had a very successful two years in London - everyone loved the music and the costumes! The show is now being shown on Broadway – the first Indian-themed musical to be shown there.
D
现代印度文化最著名的东西之一就是印度电影业，被称作宝莱坞。最通俗的故事是一个男孩和一个女孩相爱但是遭到各自家庭的反对。电影中男孩和女孩尝试说服他们的家庭让他们结婚时，有许多舞蹈和歌唱的出现。对宝莱坞电影日益增强的兴趣启发安德鲁•劳埃德•韦伯制作了音乐剧“孟买梦”，这两年这部剧在伦敦很成功 - 每个人都喜欢当中的音乐和服饰！这场表演还在百老汇上演-第一部音乐剧将在这里展现。


E
There are plenty of words used by people all over the world which have come from Indian languages. From Hindi we have shampoo, a word used with various spellings in quite a few languages, including German and Portuguese. This is a body or hair wash, but was originally a body scrub with herbs and warm water. A guru was originally a Hindu religious teacher, but these days the word is usually used to describe anyone who knows a lot about a certain subject and is considered an expert. A good example of this is ‘fashion guru’; a fashion expert whose ideas are important to designers. From the Tamil language we have the word rice in English, which comes from the word ‘arisi’, and mango which comes from the word ‘mangaai’.
E
世界上的人们使用着许多来自印度语言的词汇。从印度语中，我们有了“shampoo”这个词，这个词在不同的语言有不同的拼法，包括德语和葡萄牙语。这是一种沐浴露或洗发露，但原本是一种含有香草和水的身体擦洗剂。大师原本是印度宗教的教师，但是如今这个词通常被用于描述一个人知道某一学科的许多知识，而被认为是专家。一个很好的例子就是“时尚教主”；一个时尚专家，他的意见对设计者很重要。从泰米尔语，我们得到了英语中“rice”这个词，这个词来自“arisi”,”mango”这个词则来自“mangaai”。


F
Finally, pyjamas, the most comfortable clothes in the world, originated in India. Most of us usually wear them around the house or while sleeping. But the original pyjama suit is to be worn anywhere, and is still worn in India. Pyjamas are only the loose trousers, and these are worn with a very long shirt called a kurta. This is usually white or a pastel colour. Men usually wear pyjamas and kurtas, but women in India have shalwar (trousers) and a kameez, which is like a dress worn over the shalwar. Both of these suits are so comfortable and adaptable that in about 20 years’ time they should be more popular than jeans!
F
最后，世界上最舒服的衣服，睡衣，来源于印度。我们大多数人通常穿着它们在房子里到处走或睡觉。但是原本的睡衣套装是可以穿着到处去的，现在印度人也这么穿。睡衣仅仅是宽松的裤子，很长的衬衫叫做库塔。这通常是白色或柔和的颜色。男人通常穿睡衣和库塔，但是印度的女人有纱丽（裤子）和克米兹，克米兹像裙子一样穿在纱丽上面。这两种服装都很舒服，适应性强。在大约20年间，它们会比牛仔裤更受欢迎!