GMAT逻辑考试各类标志词整理
一、归纳题
标志词:conclusion;inferred;implied;supported;if above true, then it is also true。(注:support不仅仅用于归纳法。举例来说,归纳法的表达应为:Which of the following are supported by the argument above?如果换个说法就可以变成加强题型的表述:Which of the following support the argument above?所以在GMAT逻辑解题的时候要格外小心。)
二、演绎题
1.第一种文章:前提推结论型
A.假设题:
标志词:assume;assumption;presuppose (特指对于前提的假设);additional premise;not true unless;depend on;rely on.
B.加强题:
标志词:support(注意和归纳题目的区分);strengthen, conclusion can be drawn if it were true that.
C.削弱题:
标志词:weaken;cast doubt;argue against;damage;counter;challenge;flaw;refute;jeopardize;criticism;undermine;drawback;reasoning error;weakness. (其中flaw,criticism,reasoning error和weakness属于名词性的削弱)。
D.评价题:
标志词:evaluate,appraisal(根据加强题做)
2.第二种GMAT考试文章:因果结构
文章内部标志词:A is due to B;A is attribute to B;A is result of B;blame B on/for A;B is responsible for
A;credit A to B.
问题中的标志词:explanation;interpretation;hypothesis.
3.第三种文章:“变态结构”(表面上仍然是前提推出结论的结构,实质为因果结构,即结论是前提的解释)。此类文章没有与众不同的标志词,需要考生在实战时分析判断,希望GMAT入门考生能掌握