学问与趣味Learning and Personal Inclination

梁实秋 Liang Shiqiu

| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选一》

我想未必。大概趣味云云，是指年长之后自动作学问之时，在年青时候为学问打根底之际恐怕不能过分重视趣味。学问没有根底，趣味也很难滋生。
No, I think not. Generally speaking, the so-called interest begins to exist only when one is mature enough to engage in independent studies. It is improper, I am afraid, for young people to overstress the importance of interest while they are still in the period of learning the basics of knowledge. Interest will never develop where no solid foundation has been laid for learning.

要点：
1，所谓“云云”有两个含义：①用在引用或转述的词语后面，表示省略或者结束，②同“芸芸”。众多：万物云云。一般是不译的，童鞋们遇到这个词可以不用纠结~如：It is not about the truth. It is the truth.
它的内容并非是关于真理云云，而就是真理本身。
2，“年长”此处译为when one is mature enough,译为mature可以指情感和认识上的成熟，而grow up侧重年龄上的长大，而old又带着些许“衰老，不再年轻”的意味~这里我们依旧可以看出翻译用词的精准
3，“年长之后自动作学问之时“此处的”自动“又和我们现在的理解不一样额~这里作”自主，独立”解，故译为to engage in independent studies
4，“学问没有根底，趣味也很难滋生。”我们很容易想到用“without句”，而张爷爷译为Interest will never develop where no solid foundation has been laid for learning.以从句避免了分句结构散的尴尬~足以见大师的功底~

综述：本段“年长”“自动”都跟我们现在的固有的理解不太一样~多加注意

任公先生的学问之所以那样的博大精深，涉笔成趣，左右逢源的一大部分得力于他的学问根底之打得坚固。我尝见许多年青的朋友，聪明用功，成绩优异，而语文程度不足以达意，甚至写一封信亦难得通顺，问其故则曰其兴趣不在语文方面。
There is no denying the fact that Mr. Liang owed his wide erudition and unusual literary talent, for the most part, to his good grasp of foundation knowledge.I have come across a great many bright and diligent young friends who have done exceedingly well in their studies, but are rather weak in Chinese. They cannot even write a letter in correct Chinese. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in the Chinese language.

要点：
1，“任公先生的学问之所以…”译为There is no denying the fact that =意为“不可否认（的是）”，相较于用the reason why，更强调对于梁学问的认同
2，“博大精深（指思想和学术广博且高深），涉笔成趣（形容一动笔就画出或写出很有意趣的东西），左右逢源（指赏识广博）“表明的都是一个意思，即”梁的学问广博，有很高的才气“，译为wide erudition and unusual literary talent，很多四字语在一起用时都是意思的重复，找出共同意思即可
3，“成绩优异，而语文程度不足以达意“直接用do well in ,be weak in,简洁达意~

综述：注意四字语连用时的翻译，只译共同意思即可~

又有一些位，执笔为文，斐然可诵，而视数理科如仇讐，勉强才能及格，问其故则亦曰其兴趣不在数理方面，而且他们觉得某些科目没有趣味，便撇在一旁视如敝屣(11)，怡然自得，振振有词，略无愧色，好像这就是发扬趣味主义。
Some, though they can write beautifully, detest the study of mathematics and physics, and barely managed to pass the examinations in them. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in them. They cast away whatever subjects they dislike like something utterly worthless. They are so smug and thick-skinned that they speak volubly in defence of their own attitude like champions of interest-ism.

要点：
1. “执笔为文，斐然可诵”=能写得一手好文章，依旧是找核心的意思~
2. “视数理科如仇讐”中的“仇讐”同“仇雠”意为“敌人”，意译为detest(憎恶，痛恨)
3. “便撇在一旁视如敝屣”也可直译为cast away…like a pair of worn-out shoes~
译文中译为cast away…like something utterly worthless,采取了意译的手法，比较明白易懂~
4．一大批四字语又要袭来~“怡然自得，振振有词，略无愧色，好像这就是发扬趣味主义”译为They are so smug and thick-skinned that they speak volubly in defence of their own attitude like champions of interest-ism.因为“怡然自得（本意是高兴和满足，此处作贬义，意同洋洋自得），振振有词（自认为有理，说个没完），略无愧色（丝毫不感到羞愧）”的共同含义约等于没有，需要分别翻译，这就相当于我们之前讲到过的分句合译了，找出逻辑关系，串联成句~

综述：没有共同意思的四字语或成语连用，可以当做分句来合译，此外注意分别采用本段直译和意译的地方~

殊不知天下没有没有趣味的学问，端视吾人如何发掘其趣味，如果在良师指导之下按部就班的循序而进，一步一步的发现新天地，当然乐在其中，如果浅尝辄止，甚至跟等躁进，当然味同嚼蜡，自讨没趣。
They hardly realize that there is no learning but is capable of engendering interest and that all depends on how to search for it. You will develop a liking for learning if, under the guidance of a good teacher, you study to discover new horizons opening up before you one after another by following the proper order and advancing step by step. On the other hand, you will find learning as dry as sawdust and feel frustrated if you refuse to go into a subject in depth or even make impetuous advances without following the proper order.

要点：
1.“殊不知”=hardly realize/know
2.” 没有没有趣味的学问”译为there is no learning but is capable of engendering interest，其中but在此为关系代词，相当于that not,常用于否定词后，如：No college student was there but respected the teachers.(当时)那儿没有一个大学生是不尊重老师的。
3. “如果浅尝辄止，甚至躐等躁进（越级;不循原有序列），当然味同嚼蜡，自讨没趣。“译为you will find learning as dry as sawdust（直译） and feel frustrated（意译） if you refuse to go into a subject in depth（意译） or even make impetuous advances without following the proper order（意译）.这几个词的意思还是有差异的，并且很明显的有逻辑关系，可以合译为一句~

综述：翻译最后一句的时候，简直生无可恋啊有没有，论积累词汇和中文功底的重要性！

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