【读书笔记】《沉思录》卷六02
本书简介：
《沉思录》是古罗马皇帝奥勒留写给自己的书，内容大部分是他在鞍马劳顿中写成的。作品来自奥勒留对身羁宫廷的自己和自己所处混乱世界的感受，追求一种冷静而达观的生活。这部著作是斯多葛学派的一个里程碑，亦是温总理放在枕边，读了不下百遍的书。
本书原文由古希腊文而作，英文版选择比较权威的George Long的版本，中文版选择何怀宏的版本作参考。笔记中的英文释义摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
作者简介：
马可•奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲学家”，古罗马帝国皇帝，在希腊文学和拉丁文学、修辞、哲学、法律、绘画方面受过很好的教育，晚期斯多葛学派代表人物之一。奥勒留也许是西方历史上唯一的一位哲学家皇帝。他是一个比他的帝国更加完美的人，他的勤奋工作最终并没有能够挽救古罗马，但是他的《沉思录》却成为西方历史上的伟大名著。
卷六02
6.4 When thou hast been compelled by circumstances to be disturbed in a manner, quickly return to thyself and do not continue out of tune longer than the compulsion lasts; for thou wilt have more mastery over the harmony by continually recurring to it.
6.5 Most of the things which the multitude admire are referred to objects of the most general kind, those which are held together by cohesion or natural organization, such as stones, wood, fig-trees, vines, olives. But those which are admired by men who are a little more reasonable are referred to the things which are held together by a living principle, as flocks, herds. Those which are admired by men who are still more instructed are the things which are held together by a rational soul, not however a universal soul, but rational so far as it is a soul skilled in some art, or expert in some other way, or simply rational so far as it possesses a number of slaves. But he who values rational soul, a soul universal and fitted for political life, regards nothing else except this; and above all things he keeps his soul in a condition and in an activity conformable to reason and social life, and he co-operates to this end with those who are of the same kind as himself.
Notes：
cohesion [n]1. the act or state of keeping together
2. the force causing molecules of the same substance to stick together.
6.6 How strangely men act. They will not praise those who are living at the same time and living with themselves; but to be themselves praised by posterity, by those whom they have never seen or ever will see, this they set much value on. But this is very much the same as if thou shouldst be grieved because those who have lived before thee did not praise thee.
Notes：
posterity [n] all the people who will live in the future.
先尝试自己翻译一下吧，参考译文见下：
中文翻译：
6.4 当你在某种程度上因环境所迫而烦恼时，迅速地转向你自己，一旦压力消失就不要再继续不安，因为你将通过不断地再回到自身而达到较大的和谐。
6.5 群众赞颂的许多事物都属于最一般的物体，是一些通过凝聚力或自然组织结为一体的东西，例如石料、木料、无花果树、葡萄树和橄榄树。而那些具有较多理性人们赞扬的事物则可归之于被一个生命原则结为一体的东西，如羊群、兽群。那些更有教养的人们赞扬的事物则是被一个理性的灵魂结为一体的事物，但这还不是一个普遍的灵魂，而只是在经过某种技艺训练或以别的方式训练过的范围内是理性的，或者仅仅是就它拥有一些奴隶而言是理性的。而那高度尊重一个理性灵魂，一个普遍的适合于政治生活的灵魂的人却除了下面的事以外不看重任何事情：他超越于所有事物之上，他的灵魂保持在符合理性和社会生活的一种状态和活动之中，他和那些像他一样的人合作达到这一目的。
6.6 人们的行为是多么奇怪啊：他们不赞扬那些与自己同时代，与自己一起生活的人，而又把使自己被后代赞扬，被那些他们从未见过或永不会见到的人的赞扬看得很重。而这就像你竟然因为生活在你前面的人没有赞扬你而感到悲哀一样可笑之至。