4.3 没有进行时的动词

1.表示状态的动词一般不能用进行时
表示状态的动词不能表示正在进行的动作,因此一般不能用进行时:
We feel great joy at the good news.我们听到好消息非常高兴。
I hope you have a good time on your trip.祝你旅途愉快。
I can't think why you did it.我不懂你为何做那件事。
I don't think she'll come.(=I think she will not come.)我想她不会来了。
【注意】 think当“想”的意思讲时,可用进行时:
What are you thinking about? —I'm thinking about my lesson.你在想什么? ——我在想我的功课。
Be quiet. I'm thinking(=giving thought to a problem).安静点,我正在思考(问题)。

当“拥有”讲时
当have/has表示相对静止的状态,也就是作“拥有”解释时,不能用进行时态:
He has plenty of money.他有很多钱。
He has a new car.他有一辆新车。
How many children have they? 他们有多少孩子?
但当have/has用作动态动词,作“吃饭、开会以及玩得愉快等”解释时,可用进行时:
You are having a good time,aren't you? 你玩得很开心,是吧?
We were having breakfast.我们正吃早餐。

动词表示状态时
be动词表示状态时不用进行时:
She is in Beijing.她在北京。
Is John in? 约翰在家吗?
如不能说:
The trees are being green.
但是,be动词作“显示出某种样子”解释时,就能用于进行时,表示暂时性:
He was only being kind for the moment.他只是当时很热心。
Your son is being very annoying this evening.你儿子今晚很烦人。
He is being a fool.(=is acting foolishly)他现在表现得很愚蠢。
Are you being straight with me? 你对我讲的是实话吗?
Jane is being a good girl today.(=is behaving well)简今天表现得很好。
be动词的进行时用法主要跟用作表语的形容词的词汇意义有关。常见的此类形容词有ambitious(有雄心的),awkward(笨拙的),brave(勇敢的),careful(仔细的),careless(粗心的),clever(聪明的),cruel(残忍的),enthusiastic(热情的),extravagant(奢侈的),foolish(愚蠢的),friendly(友好的),funny(滑稽可笑的),good(好的),greedy(贪婪的),helpful(有益的),important(重要的),kind(友爱的),naughty(顽皮的),patient(耐心的),stubborn(顽固的),stupid(愚蠢的),talkative(健谈的),thoughtful(考虑周到的),witty(机智的)。
请背诵常用的现在分词:
play(游玩)—playing
study(学习)—studying
stop(停止)—stopping
cut(砍)—cutting
sit(坐)—sitting
run(跑)—running
swim(游泳)—swimming
live(住)—living
come(来)—coming
write(写)—writing
make(做)—making
take(取)—taking
arrive(到达)—arriving
drive(驾驶)—driving
move(移动)—moving
cook(烹饪)—cooking
look(看)—looking
speak(说)—speaking