四六级段落题中常见的重要信息提示语

　　听者在听音过程中要积极思维、快速反应，特别要注意表示句与句之间关系的信息提示语，并借此发现句与句之间的逻辑关系，确定重要信息。听者要想从结构上把握篇章，就要顺着指示语预期何时可能开始谈论一个话题、何时出现讲述的重点以及何时可能转换话题，请注意以下的信息提示语。

　　1． 数字信息及相关事实
　　【普通数字、小数、分数、百分比、价格、比率、年代、时刻】
　　□ The earth’s crust is divided into seven sections.
　　□ There are only 24 well qualified male students at the Deep Spring College.
　　□ A job interview usually lasts from 30 to 45 minutes.
　　□ Middle English extended from about 1100 to about 1475.
　　□ “I taught my minority students English and Drama classes in high school for 20 years.
　　□  Dry ice was first manufactured in 1925.
　　□ Tuition will be on an average of 9 percent higher this year than last.

　　2． 因果关系提示语（原因为考查点）
　　【因为，由于, 归因于（原因在后）】
　　□as…, since…, because…, now that…, considering…, given…, for  reason that…,the reason why…is…, because of…, owing to…, on account of…, as a result of…, for the sake of…, due to…, result from…，thanks to…，attribute…to…
　　【导致，引起, 成为…原因（原因在前）】
　　□…cause…, …lead to…, …bring about…, …contribute to…, …result in…, …account for…, trigger off…, …responsible for…, …to blame for…
　　【因此，所以（原因在前）】
　　□…and so…, …Therefore…, …Thus…, …Hence…, …As a result…, …That’s why…, …For this reason…, …Accordingly…, …As a consequence…, …Consequently…, so… that…, too…to…

　　3. 观点提出及列举
　　【观点论题的提出】
　　□ Today, I"m going to discuss/ introduce/ talk about/ explain……
　　□ My speech will focus upon/center around/concentrate on……
　　□ The subject/topic/propose for today’s lecture/discussion is……
　　□ Today, people are increasingly concerned about/aware of the gravity of……
　　□ When it comes to……

　　【话题的另外一个方面或反面】
　　□ Another point I want to mention is ……
　　□ In addition ...,  Besides ..., Apart from ..., Aside from ..., Moreover ..., Furthermore ...,What"s more…
　　□ On the contrary ..., However ..., But on the other hand..., Conversely ..., By contrast …, ...whereas ...  A totally different picture lies in ...

　　【列举话题的各个方面】
　　□ First/Firstly... …Second/Secondly... …Third/Thirdly… ... Lastly……
　　□ To begin with.…..  Next……  Furthermore…...  Finally…...
　　□ In the first place.….. In the second place…... Moreover…... By the way…...
　　□ Above all…... In addition…... Then.….. Afterward…... Last but not least…...
　　□ On the one hand… ... On the other hand…...
　　□ For one thing…... For another…...

　　【话题结束的总结语】
　　□In short/brief.……Briefly…...Summing up/To sum up…...Summarizing/To summarize…...To conclude…...In conclusion……As a result…...In general…...Generally speaking…...All in all…...By and large……On the whole…...On this basis…...Given all these aspects…...Everything considered…...Finally, it can be concluded/inferred/deduced that……

　　4．论说文主题关键词
　　【名词】
　　□The point / idea / view / opinion / truth / fact / cause / reason / problem / question / answer / solution / explanation / threat / challenge / dilemma / difficulty / method / gist / propose / object / goal / motive / attitude / reaction / plan / first step / only way / controversy / conflict / dispute /  argument / proof / evidence / advice / suggestion / proposal / request / requirement / standard / limitation / decision / intention / effect / result / consequence / duty / responsibility / task / danger / trouble / crisis / barrier / hope / possibility / exception / surprise  is ……
　　【动词】
　　□point out / advance / suggest / advice / emphasize / comment / explain / require / conclude / insist / maintain / hold it true that / believe / stick to / criticize / refute / prove / try to / attempt to / intend to / plan to / dream of / decide to / resolve to / determine to / object to / support / advocate / approve / agree / disapprove / disagree / prefer / claim / declare / deny / admit / endanger / mean
　　【形容词（所有形容词的最高级形式）】
　　□important / essential / critical / vital / dangerous / indispensable / necessary / urgent / best / biggest / serious / severe / grave / possible / impossible / likely / unlikely / surprised / unexpected / unusual / disappointed / desperate / special / unique / different / distinctive / direct / difficult / rare
　　【其它特殊表达方式】
　　□the only / the first / the last / except / with the exception of / especially / but / however / nevertheless / otherwise / unless / only if / so long as / on condition that / actually / as a matter of fact

　　段落理解题的题目设置规律

　　○段首句开门见山引出主题或故事发生环境，往往设置为考点
　　○因果关系中的原因是必考内容，不管直接或间接提到的原因都会用why来提问
　　○形容词副词最高级形式一旦出现，则此句即成为考点，如：the most important reason is……; their biggest trouble was……; he worked most efficiently when ……
　　○故事题中的一个关键动词，人物所说的一句意味深长的话需要找到同义解释
　　○说明文中的数字年代和概念往往需要在选项中重新定位
　　○人物题中的重要年代及相关历史事件需要重新搭配定位，不做记录容易混淆
　　○议论文中有时自问自答，问题将成为考题，回答内容即正确选项
○议论文中只要出现I think……, I believe it’s true that……, In my opinion……等表达，就会重新问及speaker的观点态度; 没有这些表达则段首句是其观点


供稿：　　上海新东方学校