冰箱所能做的只是转移热量或者说能量，从一个地方转移到另外一个地方。



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Turn on your oven, and you'll warm up the kitchen. With the oven door open, the kitchen warms up even faster. That much is obvious since the purpose of an oven is to make things hot. But the opposite is not true of your refrigerator. Running the refrigerator makes the room warmer and if you leave the door open, the kitchen warms up even faster. The first rush of cold air may cool things down a little, but in the long run, the room will get warmer. To see why, we need to think of heat as energy and cold as a lack of energy. The stove produces heat, but the refrigerator can't actually produce cold. All the refrigerator does is move heat, or energy, from one place to another. As the food inside the refrigerator loses its heat–or, in other words, gets colder–that heat ends up in the kitchen. Physicists call this kind of system a "heat pump." But like any motor, the heat pump in your refrigerator needs energy just to run. So while it's busy moving energy out of the fridge and into the kitchen, it's also drawing in more energy in the form of electricity or gas. Since some of that energy is released as heat, you end up with more heat in the kitchen than you started with.
打开微波炉，会使你的厨房变暖。当把微波炉的门打开时，厨房变暖的速度将更快。这是显而易见的，因为微波炉的作用便是使物体变热。但是这一理解用于相反的冰箱却并不正确。 运行中的冰箱使房间变暖，并且当你把冰箱的门打开时，厨房变暖的速度将更快。首先冲出的冷空气也许会是物体降低些温度，但是长远来看，房间的温度会上升。 想知道原因，我们需要把热看成具有能量而冷是缺乏能量。暖炉产生热量，但是冰箱实际上并不能生成寒冷。冰箱所能做的只是转移热量或者说能量，从一个地方转移到另外一个地方。当冰箱里的食物丢失热量或者说变冷的时候，热量被释放入厨房。 物理学家把这一系统称作“热泵”。但是像所有的发动机一样，冰箱需要能量以排出热量。因此当将能量移出并排到厨房的时候，冰箱同样需要从电或者气中吸收更多的能量。而因为一些能量以热能的形式释放，因此冰箱制冷结束时会比开始时有更多的能量在厨房。