Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world－famous football teams and some of them even have two! 虽然，全国性的，这些城市不如中国的城市大，但是它们拥有世界著名的足球队，有的城市甚至有两支！

those 在此为代词，用于表示比较的句型中，代指前面提到的复数名词 cities.

辨析：one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it

这几个词都用来指代前面提到的名词，但是所指内容不同。

(1)one 代替上文提到的某个可数名词，表示泛指意义，一般指同类事物中的任何一个；而 the one代替上文提到的某个可数名词单数，表示特指。

(2)ones 代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表泛指，一般指同类事物中的一些；而 the ones指代上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表示特指。

(3)that 用来代替上文提到的名词，可以是可数名词单数形式，也可以是不可数名词，表示特指。如果代替可数名词单数形式，可以与 the one互换。

(4)those是 that的复数形式，代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表示特指，可与 the ones 互换。

(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一个人。

①I want to buy a house, one with a large garden.我想买一座房子，一座带有大花园的房子。

②The little boy doesn't like this apple; he wants the red one.小男孩不喜欢这个苹果，他想要那个红的。

③I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be thrown away. 我买了新椅子，那些旧的也该扔了。

④The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory.这自行车比我们厂生产的要便宜。(that＝the one)

⑤The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本的多。(that 不用 the one 代替)

⑥The cars made here are better than those made in my hometown. 这里生产的小汽车比我家乡生产的好。

⑦—Who is the person that shook hands with the foreigners? 那个和外宾握手的人是谁？—It is our headmaster. 他是我们的校长。

[即境活用1]　

(1)(2008•济南模拟)The language used in advertisement differs from ______ used in ordinary reading.

A．Which B．what  C．that D．it

答案：C

解析：代替前面的 the language应用 that.

(2)(2007•陕西)—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ______？

—No, I'd rather buy ______ in the bookstore.

A．it; one B．one; one  C．one; it D．it; it

答案：A

解析：第一空用 it指代上文中提到的那一本书；第二空用 one相当于 a copy,泛指“一本”。

2．It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。

It seems/is strange that...“……有点奇怪”，that 从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should 意为“竟然”，表示对过去发生的事情感到惊讶。

拓展：在 “It is natural/important/necessary/a pity/a shame＋that 从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词也用“should＋动词原形”结构；should 在这些句型中表示惊讶、气愤、惋惜等情感。

①It was strange that he should have said that!他竟然说那样的话，真是奇怪！

②It‘s a pity that he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose.机会出现时，他竟然没有抓住，真是遗憾。

[即境活用2]　—You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours.

—I am sorry that you ______ think so.

A．would B．could  C．should D．might

答案：C

解析：考查情态动词。答句句意：很抱歉你竟然这么想。should 有“竟然”的意思。