Test  2

 

完形填空()



微观上利用各种线索选择答案 

TEST ONE的答题技巧可知,完形填空的每一个空格都不是孤立存在的,它是整个篇章的一

部分,与上下文有着明显或微妙的关系,因此在选择时就要考虑到各选项与上下文的联系。

通常这种联系或关系为考生做出正确选择提供了各种线索,比如语义逻辑、语法框架、词汇

搭配及词义的应用、概念,还有些是非语言性的一些知识等,下面就几种微观处理选项的技

巧简要介绍。

 

语义线索

在完形填空题中,某些项的选择可以根据“语义”来决定,即已有的词或句子的语义决定着

必须选择某个选项,否则整个文章的语义逻辑就不通,内容就与作者的原意不一致。因此考

生在做选择时,不要忽略语义这条重要的线索。

例如:

Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really

quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be

____1____ in a single large building.

1.A. consisted   B. contained

C. composed      D. comprised

根据语义线索(内部装饰变得重要的部分原因是因为一座大楼包含许多用途。)可知空格处

需要一个表示“包含(括)”意义的动词。在四个选项中A. consisted(由…构成)

多用于主动且与of连用;C. compose(组成)多以be composed of这一固定词组出现;D. com

prise(包含)一般不用于被动语态。contain在用法上和语义上符合题意,故为答案。

 

语法线索

语法线索是指所应填入的词与上下文可能发生的语法方面的联系。利用这种联系也可推断出正确的选项。例如:

Cities contain the very  ___1___ aspect of a society: opportunities for education, employment, and entertainment. They also contain the very worst parts of a society: … 

1. A. well  B. good  D. best

根据第二句中的语法线索the very worst,我们就可以肯定此空也要用形容词最高级,又因

为这两句是对比句,所以只能选D。

 

词汇线索

有些完形填空要填入的词与上下文其他词有各种联系,文中的词往往在词义上或搭配上决定了所应填

入的词。这些词就构成了选择答案时的词汇线索。例如:

Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to ___1___ themselves to the new medium were technical.

1. A. turn  B. adapt  C. alter D. modify

根据词汇搭配及语义线索,正确选项为B。因为adapt oneself to是固定搭配,意为“适应

,习惯于”,这符合题意。其他三项均有“改变”之意,且不能和oneself搭配。

 

概念线索

在完形填空题的上下文中,有时会出现一些词与空格内需要填的词同指一人或一事物,甚至可在上下文中找到应填的同一个词。这就是所说的概念线索。

 

超语言线索

在完形填空试题中,有时不是利用以上几种线索便可以决定选项,这时往往需要考生根据自己对试题内容的有关背景知识的了解来决定填入的选项。

 

 

PART Ⅰ[15 MIN.

 

 

Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if

inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET.

 

 

Who won the World Cup 1998 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? ___ 1 ___ an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets giving the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spot to gather the news. Newspapers have one basic ___ 2 ___, to get the news as quickly as possible from its source,

from those who make it to those who want to ___ 3 ___ it. Radio, telegraph, television

, and ___ 4 ___ inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. ___ 5 ____, this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly make use of the newer and faster means

 of communication to improve the ___ 6 ___ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are ___ 7 ___ and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers ___ 8 ___ of the latest news, todays newspapers educate and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers economic choices ___ 9 ___ advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very ___ 10 ___. Newspapers are sold at a price that ___ 11 ___ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main  ___ 12 ___ of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The success i

n selling advertising depends on a newspapers value to advertisers. This ___ 13 ___ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends somewhat on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment ___ 14 ___ in a newspapers pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspapers value to readers as source of information___ 15 ___ the community, city, country, state, nation and world and even outer space.

1. A. Just when   B. While      C. Soon after    D. Befor

e

2. A. reason  B. cause C. problem   D. purpose

3. A. make   B. publish C. know    D. write

4. A. another  B. other C. one another   D. the other

5. A. However    B. And   C. Therefore   D. So

6. A. value  B. ratio C. rate    D. speed

7. A. spread   B. passed  C. printed [DW]D. completed

8. A. inform   B. be informed C. to be informed    D. infor

med

9. A. on   B. through C. with    D. of

10.A. forms   B. existence C. contents  D. purpose

11.A. tries to cover    B. manages to cover

C. fails to cover  D. succeeds in

12.A. source    B. origin  C. course    D. finance

13.A. measures  B. measured

C. is measured   D. was measured

14. A. offering  B. offered

C. which offered D. to be offered

15.A. by    B. with  C. at    D. about

 

 

PART 

 

READING COMPREHENSION  25 MIN.

 

In this section there are four passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.Mark your choice on your ANSWER SHEET.

 

TEXT A

 

As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobesunbaked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkably like modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with storerooms for grain and other goods. These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense against enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them pueblos, which is Spanish for town.The people of the pueblos raised what are called the three sisters” —corn, beans, and squash. They made excellent pottery and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they could hold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Water was so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborate ceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain.

The way of life of lesssettled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature. Small tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wandered the dry and mountainous lands between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animals such as small rabbits and snakes. In the Far North the ancestors of todays Inuit hunted seals, walruses, and the great whales.

They lived right on the frozen seas in shelters called igloos built of blocks of packed snow. When summer came, they fished for salmon and hunted the lordly caribou.

The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on the grasslands between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bison, commonly called the buffalo. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was used to make their clothing and covering of their tents and tipis.

 

16. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The architecture of early American Indian buildings.

B. The movement of American Indians across North America.

C. Ceremonies and rituals of American Indians.

D. The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America.

 

17. It can be inferred from the passage that the dwellings of the Hopi and Zuni were ___   ___.

A. very small

B. highly advanced

C. difficult to defend

D. quickly constructed

 

TEXT B

 

Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earths surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.[JP]

The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.

The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.

There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.)

In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them “tsunamis”, meaning harbor waves, because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.

Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves.

 But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground.

There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.

 

18. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?

A. The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.

B. Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.

C. Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.

D. Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.

 

19. The destruction of Agadir is an example of ___   ___.

A. faulty building construction

B. an earthquakes strength

C. widespread panic in earthquakes

D. ineffective instruments

 

20. The United Nations experts are supposed to ___   ___.

A. construct strong buildings

B. put forward proposals

C. detect disastrous earthquakes

D. monitor earthquakes

 

21. The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may

 ___   ___.

A. notice them out at sea

B. find ways to stop them

C. be warned early enough

D. develop warning systems

 

TEXT C

 

There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.

Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the acting area and the auditorium. In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or super

natural beings, and mimed the desired effectsuccess in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sunas an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.

Another theory traces the theaters origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.

 

22. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The origins of theater.

B. The role of ritual in modern dance.

C. The importance of storytelling.

D. The variety of early religious activities.

 

23. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?

A. The reason drama is often unpredictable.

B. The seasons in which dramas were performed.

C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots.

D. The importance of costumes in early drama.

 

24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater and ritual?

A. Dance.B. Costumes.C. Music.D. Magic.

 

25. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual

and drama?

A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.

B. Ritual is shorter than drama.

C. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.

D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.

 

26. The passage supports which of the following statements?

A. No one really knows how the theater began.

B. Myths are no longer represented dramatically.

C. Storytelling is an important part of dance.

D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.

 

TEXT D

 

People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France  and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.

About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.  The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picturewriting and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.

By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.

These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.

 

27. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain    because ___   ___.

A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures

B. the painters were animal lovers

C. the painters wanted to show imagination

D. the pictures were thought to be helpful

 

28. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following  reasons EXCEPT that ___   ___.

A. the former was easy to write

B. there were fewer signs in the former

C. the former was easy to pronounce

D. each sign stood for only one sound

 

29. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.

B. The Egyptians liked to write comicstrip stories.

C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.

D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.

 

30. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ___   ___.

A. should be made comprehensible

B. should be made interesting

C. are of much use in our life

D. have disappeared from our life

SKIMMING AND SCANNING  5 MIN.

In this section there are six passages followed by ten questions or unfinished statements. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

 

TEXT E

First read the following question.

31. This letter is written by a ___   ___.

A. prospective salesperson

B. high school student

C. publisher

D. manager

Now read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your ANSWER SHEET.

 

28 Beach Road,

Newtown.

March 20th, 2000

The Manager,

Royal Publishers,

P.O.Box 446

Newtown.

 

Dear Sir,

I am 18 years old, and I graduated from Newtown High School last October. At high school my main subjects were English, business studies, history, athletics and science.

I would be very interested in working as a salesman. I am very interested in books, and I have always been interested in the publishing business. I enjoy meeting and talking to people.

I enclose two letters of reference, a photograph, and my school academic record. I would be available for an interview at any time. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,   

Jack Eastwood

TEXT F

First read the following question.

32. The general idea of the passage is that _____.

A. doctors can produce magic

B. medicine has magic power

C. modern medicine can cure all illnesses

D. a healthy mind is also a cure for illness

Now read Text F quickly and mark your answer on your ANSWER SHEET.

For more than five thousand years Chinese doctors have used needles to fight illness. This kind of medicine is called acupuncture. The doctor studies the sick person carefully. Then he puts needles into that persons body at the right places for his illness. Chinese doctors believe that they can control the bodys natural forces in this way. At first, doctors in the West thought that this was just another kind of magic. Recently, however, they have found out that it is possible to cure many illnesses like this because the needles help the body to produce its own medicines. In this way the body cures itself.

Nowadays doctors can do a lot of wonderful things. They can use thousands of medicines. They can give you pills and injections. They can even give you mechanical legs or a new heart. Sometimes modern medicine works like magic. But there are still a lot of illnesses that drugs and machines cannot cure completely. Medicine is not only a science; it is an art, too. And in the art of medicine, the mind is very important. You will not have a healthy body unless you have a healthy mind.

TEXT G

First read the following question.

33. Who will best fit the vacancy described in the ad?

A. A receptionist with secondaryschool education.

B. A typist with three years  of working experience.

C. A young college graduate with a management degree.

D. A middleaged clerk with some working knowledge of computers.

Now read Text G quickly and mark your answer on your ANSWER SHEET.

Administration trainee

We have a vacancy for a trainee in our head office.

Main duties will be office work with some reception and telephone work. Training

will be given in the use of a computer. The successful applicant will have college level education in businessrelated subjects and will be able to work with a minimum of supervision. Typing skills essential. Age range preferably 21-24. Good working conditions.

Please apply in writing, stating age, qualifications, and other relevant information to:

Administration Manager,

STARTEX OIL. P.O.Box 355,Westport.

TEXT H

First read the following questions.

34. When are guests allowed?

A. Any day.  B. Saturday. C. Friday.  D. After 6 p.m.

35. What must club members bring with them?

A. Towels. B. Locker keys.

C. Swimming caps.  D. Registration cards.

Now read Text H quickly and mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

JUBILEE SWIMMING CLUB REGULATIONS

All swimmers must shower before they enter the pool. 

Diving is only allowed from the divingboard.

Running and playing near the pool is not permitted.


Club members may bring guests at weekends only.


Children under 12 are not allowed to use the pool unless accompanied by an adult. 

Members must show their membership cards at the registration desk.

Used towels must be placed in the bins provided. 

Smoking is not allowed in the changingroom. 

Guests must sign at the registration desk.

All bathers must leave the pool by 6 p.m. 

Clothes must be placed in the lockers provided. Keys are available at the registration desk. 

Only club members and their families are allowed to use the pool.

TEXT I

First read the following questions.

36. By 1965 HMS Belfast had been in service for ___   ___ years.

A. 38 B. 33 C. 25 D. 27

37. The warship is now being used as a ___   ___.

A. a training center B. museum

C. cargo ship D. hotel

Now read Text I quickly and mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

HMS Belfast is a cruiser. She was launched in March 1938 and served throughout the Second World War, playing a leading part in the destruction of the German battlecruiser Scharnhorst at the Battle of North Cape and in the Normandy Landings.

 After the war, she supported United Nations forces in Korea and remained in service with the Royal Navy until 1965.

In 1971 she was saved for the nation as a unique and historic reminder of Britains naval heritage in the first half of the 20th century.

A free guide leaflet is available to help you find your way around this huge and complex warship and your tour will take you from the ships Quarterdeck up to the top of her Bridge and all the way down through seven decks to her massive Boiler and Engine Rooms, well below the ships waterline.

TEXT J

First read the following questions.

38. The purpose of this pamphlet is to provide information on ___   ___.

A. how to open a bank account

B. how to apply for a course

C. who can go to universities

D. who is eligible for a grant

39. Who can get the grant?

A. A foreign student who has been there for 11 months.

B. A British pupil in a secondary school.

C. A British student who studies in the University.

D. A university graduate who wants to continue his studies.

40. A 31yearold nurse wishes to study medicine at a university. She has worked since she was 25. How much extra money will she get a year?

A. 100 pounds. B. 155 pounds.

C. 615 pounds. D. 715 pounds.

Now read Text J quickly and mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

GETTING A GRANT

Who can get this money? Anyone who gets a place on a first degree course, although a student who has already attended a course of advanced further education may not. Students must also have been resident in the UK for at least three years, which can exclude some students from overseas.

SPECIAL CASES

If a student has worked before college: A student who is 26 or more before the course starts and who has worked for at least three of the previous six years will get extra money 155 pounds a year if 26, increasing to a maximum of 615 pounds at 29 or more.Banking: Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts. A student wont usually have to pay bank charges as long as the account

stays in credit.

重 点 词 汇

spur: 鞭策,刺激

circulation: 发行量

 comic strip: 连环漫画

 diagram: 图表

 adobe: 土坯

 quarters: 住处

 squash: 南瓜

 [JP3]elaborate: 精细的a.,详细阐述v.

 ritual: 典礼、礼仪

 hide: 兽皮

 panic: 警惕

 seismic: 地震的

 tsunamis: 海啸

 submarine: 水下的、海底的

 veil: 隐藏

 evolve: 进化、发展

 costume: 装束、服装

 mime: 模仿

 revival: 复活、苏醒

 prospective: 预期的

 enclose: 放入、装入

 acupuncture: 针灸

 supervision: 监督、管理

 locker: 带锁的衣柜

 cruiser: 巡洋舰

 heritage: 遗产, 继承物

参考答案及详解

1. C)    根据上下文,此空应该为介词,故选项AB可被排除,因为它们后边  不能直接跟名词短语。根据句义,选项C为正确答案。

2. D)  根据语义线索(报纸有一个基本目的就是以最快速度从新闻来源处得到新闻)可知选项D为正确答案。

3. C)  根据语义线索选项C  know 为正确答案。

4. B)  此题涉及other, another 两词的用法。Other可以单独使用也可以和

定冠词the一起使用,other一般用来修饰表示不确定所指的复数可数名词,意为“其他”;the other用来指代或修饰特定范围内的第二者或第三者等,不合适。Another一般修饰可数名词单数,不合适。One another是相互代词,不能作限定词。综上,根据语法线索,选项B为正确答案。

5. A)  根据上下文,该句句义有转折,故表示转折意义的关系副词选项A

However为正确答案。其它三词:and为表示并列关系的并列连词;thereforeso为表示因果关系的关系副词。

6. D)  根据上下文,报纸报道新闻应该发展更新更快的通讯方式,可知其目

的是为提高速度从而提高效率。故选项D为正确答案。

7. C)  此题可用排除法。根据语义线索(今天印刷的和人们阅读的报纸比以

往任何时候都多)可将ABD排除。

8. D)  此题涉及动词keep的用法。动词keep后可接复杂宾语结构,即宾语+宾语补语的结构。形容词,ed分词,

ing分词等都可作宾补。其中ed分词表示被动含义;

ing分词表示主动含义。此句句义为“除了使读者知悉最新的新闻外 … ”,因此根据语

法线索,含有被动意义的选项D为正确答案。

 9. B)根据句义可知此空应使用意为“通过”的介词。故选项B  through 为正确答案。

10. B)   根据上下文可推断此句大概句义为“报纸通过广告维持它们的存在”,故选项B existence“存在”为正确答案。

11. C)  根据上下句句义可以推断,报纸不是通过出售其本身所得来维持其

生存,而是通过刊登广告的收入来维持其生存,并且对于大多数的报纸来说主要的经费来源

是商业广告,而不是出售报纸,因此可以猜测出报纸的售价不能涵盖其制作印刷成本,因此选项C为正确答案。其它三项意义不符。

12. A)  根据上句可推断此句的答案只能从AB两项之间产生。Origin意为

“起源,根源”不合适。故选项A source“来源”为正确答案。

13. C)  根据此句义“这(报纸对广告商的价值)是以报纸的发行量来衡量” 及上下文可推断此空应填动词的被动形式,故选项C为正确答案。

14. B)  选项B为ed分词作后置定语。

15. D)  根据词汇线索和语义线索可知,此处需要使用介词about,表示“关

于社区、国家和世界的信息”。

16. D)  根据阅读短文可知,作者主要描述了北美地区不同印第安部落的不同的生活方式 。故选项D为正确答案。

17. B)  此题为推断题。根据文章第一段可知,早在一千年前HopiZuni

支北美印第安部落就用一种砖坯“adobe”来建造房屋,高可达四层楼高,有居住室还有储藏室,颇像现代的公寓,故选项B(高度发达)为正确答案。

18. C)  可用排除法来找出此题的答案。题干要求找出无法从文章中得出结

论的一项。根据文章第一段第一句到第三句可知“随着深度的增加,地震的数量随之减少”,可得出结论选项A“地震的数量和深度密切相关”,故排除。根据文章第一段第五行“…  in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much.”(接近地表处地震的发生频率可高达每月一百多次,但是年平均地震数量却变化不大。)可排除选项B

Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.(每年发生的地震数量大致相同);根据文章第一段可得出以下结论:地震主要发生在离地表十五公里的范围之内,尽管深达460公里的深处也有地震发生,但是每隔几年才发生一次。故可排除选项D Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.(地震主要发生在地表处)。综上可知,选项 C 为正确答案。

19. A)  文章第二段首先举例说明运用不同的建筑方法和材料所修建的房屋

的抗震能力是不同的,进而就提到了发生在摩洛哥Agadir的地震虽然震级不大,却摧毁了整个城市,而许多更强烈的地震所造成的损失却很小,由此作者得出结论:如果建筑物修建得好并且建在坚固的地面上,那么它就能抵御地震;地震中大多数的死亡是由于不良的建筑结构或不当的建筑地点造成的。由此可知作者引用摩洛哥的Agadir的毁灭主要是要说明不良的建筑结构(faulty building construction),故选项A为正确答案。

20. B)   根据文章第三段可知,联合国在地震减灾方面起到了非常重要的作

用,它派出了许多地震专家到饱受地震袭扰的国家,与当地的地质学家和工程师一起研究当地的地质构造及适合当地的实用的建筑法规,并且如果这些专家提出的建议得到采纳,灾难性的地震就会成为历史。因此这四个选项中,最合适的是B put forwardproposals “提出建议”,故其为正确答案。

21. C)  根据文章最后一段,海啸的移动速度缓慢,使人们得以及早发现,

以提前向沿岸的居民发出警告,离开海边到高地去,但是人们却无法阻止到来的巨浪。故选项C be warned early enough为正确答案。

22. A)  这是一道主旨题。根据文章第一句“There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.”及第三段第一句“Another theory traces the theaters origin from the human interest in storytelling.”可知本文是讨论戏剧的起源的。故选项A为正确答案。

23. C)  这也是一道主旨题。本题可用排除法来做。通过阅读第一段,首先

很明显可将选项BD排除;选项A(戏剧无法预测的原因)也不正确,故只有选项C(神话与戏剧情节的联系)为正确答案。

24. D)  这是一道细节题。在做本题时要注意题干中的NOT。通过阅读文章很明显选项D Magic 为正确答案。

25. D)  根据文章第二段可知尽管有人说戏剧起源于宗教仪式,但是它们还

是有区别的,例如:戏剧演出“performances”要有合适的演出地点;戏剧表演时,“表演区”(“acting area”)和“观看区”( “auditorium”)有明显的分界线,另外表演戏

剧还要有演员。而宗教仪式在进行过程中为了避免犯错误都是由宗教领袖来进行,由他们戴

上面具,穿上服装来模仿其他人,动物或超自然的东西,做出一些动作以求达到一些目的,

例如:在打猎或战斗中取得胜利,祈雨等。由此可判断宗教仪式都有一定的宗教目的,而戏

剧却没有,这正符合选项D。

26. A)  通过阅读文章可知,选项A 为正确答案。

27. D)  根据文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助,故选项D为正确答案。

28. C)  在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项C “前者容易发音”在文中没有提及,故为正确答案。

29. A)  可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项BD为错误陈述。

选项C “罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的”根据文章第四段第四,五句可知为错误论述,

因此只有选项A为正确答案。

30. C)   文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途,故选项C为正确答案。

31. A)  32. D)  33. C)  34.

B)  35. D)  36. D)  37. B)

38. D)  39. C)  40. C)