Curse of the black bags! Winter ages a woman's eyes by nearly FIVE YEARS
该死的黑眼袋！冬季会让女性眼部衰老5岁？

Winter ages a woman's eyes by four years and eight months, a team of beauty scientists have claimed.The anti-ageing experts studied the eyes of 5,000 women throughout the seasons for a clinical study. They found bags under the eyes were significantly darker during the colder months.
美容科学家们最近表示冬季会让女性的眼部衰老4年8个月。美国抗衰老专家最近对5000位女性的眼部进行临床试验，观察季节对女性眼部的影响。他们发现在寒冷的月份里女性的黑眼袋会加重。

The team from Adonia Organics concluded the process is caused by a lack of sunlight which brings paler skin and emphasises the bags.This is made worse by a higher level of fatigue in the winter due to a lower level of Vitamin D, generated by the body in sunlight, and subsequently less serotonin, which is the body's 'feel good chemical'.
来自美容护肤品牌Adonia Organics的研究团队认为，由于冬季缺乏阳光造成皮肤苍白而突显出黑眼袋。由于缺乏阳光，身体的维生素D含量偏低血清素较少，造成冬季容易感觉疲劳，所以让黑眼袋困扰越发严重了。血清素是让身体感觉良好的化学物质。

Anti-ageing expert Dr Mark Binette said: 'More science is coming out linking the lack of Vitamin D and K as one of the causes that plagues us with dark circles and puffy eyes; especially as it relates to fatigue and immune related issues.
抗衰老专家Mark Binette博士表示：“最近有很多的科学研究表明维生素D和维生素K的缺少是让我们遭受黑眼圈和眼袋折磨的一个原因，特别是将其与疲劳和免疫相关问题联系在一起时。"

'Once you have them, it is usually difficult to reverse them. Our research has shown that women are worried about the ageing effect of dark circles more so than wrinkles which are easier to tackle and overcome. Lacking in Vitamins D and K has a considerable negative effect on the appearance of dark circles and puffy eyes and can age a woman by 4.7 years putting over ten per cent on a woman's age of 40.'
“黑眼袋一旦有了，通常就很难除去了。我们的研究表明女性对黑眼圈的衰老征兆的担忧甚于对皱纹的担忧，也因为皱纹更容易处理和克服。缺少维生素D和维生素K会对黑眼圈和眼袋的出现造成相当大的负面影响，会让女性衰老4.7岁，年过40的女性中有10%的人受到影响。”

Dark circles are one of the most common skin problems, and are often caused by tiny capillaries that leak blood beneath the surface of the skin. As this blood starts to oxidize, it turns a dark blue colour similar to a bruise.
黑眼圈是最常见的皮肤问题之一，通常是由于皮肤表层下微小的毛细血管出现渗血而造成的。这些渗出的血液开始氧化，会变成类似于青肿擦伤的深蓝色。

This becomes more obvious in winter as skin becomes more transparent due to lack of sun and tanning. In the summer dark circles are easier to hide as people suffer less from fatigue and the skin is lightly tanned. Additionally, during the summer, we experience higher serotonin levels, which raises our mood, when the skin is exposed to sunlight.
在冬天黑眼圈会更明显，因为冬季缺少阳光日晒会使皮肤更加透明。而在夏季，因为疲劳感减轻和皮肤晒黑，黑眼圈就比较容易遮掩。另外在夏季，皮肤暴露在阳光下，所以我们身体内的血清素含量会比较高，会帮我们提高情绪。

The study, carried out during clinical trials at AMA Laboratories in New York, found 82 per cent suffered from dark circles and puffy eyes in the winter as opposed to just 38 per cent in the summer. The study was carried out among women aged 27 and 60 and the results were consistent across the board. Researchers found women regain their youthful good looks in the summer once the cold, dark nights have eased.
该研究在纽约的美国医学协会实验室进行临床试验，发现在冬季82%的女性遭受黑眼圈和眼袋的折磨，而在夏季只有38%的受影响人群。参与研究的女性年龄区间从27到60岁，研究的结果也比较全面一致。一旦寒冷漆黑的冬夜过去，女性又会恢复青春靓丽美貌。