专家做了一下总结,绝大多数雅思大作文话题都可以通过以下几个方面进行扩展(简称论据扩展十二大法则),现列举如下:经济(economy)、就业(employment)、时间(time)、空间(space)、心理(psychology)、生理(physiology)、环境(environment)、教育(education)、文化(culture)、科技(technology)、情感(emotion)和个人权利(human right)。

  在此,将通过列举一些例题来印证这十二大法则的实战性。

  Example 1

  Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

  通过审题,此题问是否同意烟草行业被取缔。同意则要列举烟草的一系列缺点,反之不同意,可列举其优点。我们马上来看看十二大法则,当然不是每一项都应用,但是大多数都可以适用。

  Advantages

  经济:revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,

  就业:offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents

  时间:killing the time

  心理:relieve one’s pressure

  文化:forming / shaping cigar culture

  Disadvantages

  经济:money-consuming for smokers

  生理:be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer

  环境:air pollution, potential hazard of fire

  空间:passive smoking / second-hand smoking

  情感:be overly-dependent on smoking

  用了上述办法,扩展出来的论据就能更加全面,有条理。

  Example 2

  Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?

  通过审题,此题无非就是我们21世纪是利大于弊还是弊大于利,所以只要列举21世纪发展的优缺点就可以了。我将通过之前介绍的十二大法则来进行素材的扩展。

  Advantages

  经济:economy be promoted, efficiency be increased

  科技:advanced technology facilitates people’s life

  时间:time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities

  个人权利:human rights be laid more emphasis on

  心理:increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure

  Disadvantages

  就业:growing population,

  fierce competition

  心理:pressure coming from a range of aspects

  环境:environmental pollution continuing getting worse

  以上两个题目都运用了十二大原则,可见其具有很强的适用性,能够帮助考生在短时间内扩展话题的素材,且较全面。在长期的使用中,专家发现,在这十二大原则中,有些原则基本可以在几个相近话题的题目中运用,因此我们可以给它们起个名字“万能原则”,如经济和就业原则,则可以应用在只要是牵涉到“工业”的话题,如smoking,tourism,mobile phones,computers,writing letters(post office)等等。老师和学生们都可以在平时的使用中做一个总结,使十二大法则能信手拈来。但是,要提醒大家的是,仅仅记住这些原则是没用的,考生在考前一定要进行大量的练习,而老师也要在课堂上选取典型的例题进行讲解,这样对考生加快Brainstorming的速度和提高Brainstorming的能力才有帮助。