大家好，四六级考试临近，本阁主（ID：hujiangcet）为了帮助广大考生过级，特开辟新栏目，考前每天一篇翻译练习（选取最有可能考的翻译题材、段落），供大家日常练习用。

声明：押题只是练习翻译手感，积累话题词汇，练习常考句式结构，切勿迷信。

 

01 蒙古族

原文

蒙古族是一个富有传奇色彩的民族，对亚欧历史进程产生过巨大的影响。

全球蒙古民族共约有820万，主要分布在中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三个国家。

蒙古族服饰包括长袍、腰带、靴子、首饰等，但因地区不同在样式上有所差异。

中国境内的蒙古族主要居住在内蒙古自治区，全区现有蒙古族人口约达380万。

自古以来，蒙古族人善于骑射，素有“马背上的民族”(the Peop I e on Horseback)之称。

参考翻译

Mongolia is a legendary nation that once had a huge impact on the history of Asia and Europe. 

There are about 8.2 million Mongolian people in total in the whole world. They are mainly distributed in the three countries —— China，Mongolia and Russia.

Mongolian costumes include robes，belts，boots，jewelry,etc.，that vary in different styles in different regions.

Mongolians who live in the territory of China mainly reside in the inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，in which there are about 3.8 million Mongolian people.

Since ancient times，Mongolian people are good at riding and shooting. They are known as “the People on Horseback”.

原文

蒙古族牧民(Mongolian herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民们喜欢吃牛羊肉和奶制品，喜欢喝红茶和砖茶。

他们大多住在圆形的蒙古包(Mongolian yurt)里。蒙古包顶上开有天窗(skylight)，用来通风和采光。蒙古族是一个能骑善射、能歌善舞的民族。

每年七八月举行的“那达慕”大会(the NadamFair)，是蒙古族同胞—年一度的盛大节日。大会上有赛马、摔跤、射箭比赛和精彩的歌舞表演。

每逢盛会，人们都从四面八方赶来参加比赛、观看表演，宁静的大草原顿时变成了欢乐的海洋。

参考翻译

The lifestyle of Mongolian herdsmen is distinctive. Herdsmen like eating beef, mutton and dairy products and drinking black tea and brick tea. 

Most of them live in Mongolian yurt with a skylight for ventilating and lighting. Mongolian people are expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing. 

The Nadam Fair held in July or August every year is an annual grand festival for Mongolian people. There are horse racing, wrestling, archery contest and wonderful dancing and singing performances during the festival. 

During each Nadam Fair, people from different places come to compete and watch performances, instantly turning the quiet grasslands into a sea of pleasure.

难点点拨

1.蒙古族牧民的生活方式很有特色：作为段落的第一句，翻译时一定要恰当处理。这里译者很灵活地把“很有特色”处理为be distinctive，表示跟其他民族不同，特色鲜明；另外，"牧民”还可以译为shepherds。

2.红茶和砖茶：不能想当然地把红茶译为red tea，而是blacktea；我们对“砖茶” 可能也不太熟悉，砖茶是一种外形为长方体的紧压茶，文中译为brick tea，也可音译为Zhuan Tea。

3.顶上开有天窗：采用介词短语with a skylight，简洁明了。

4.能骑善射、能歌善舞：中文为并列关系，英文也应译为并列的短句be expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing。

5.赛马、摔跤、射箭比：可译为horse racing, wrestling, archery contest。

6.欢乐的海洋：可译为a sea of joy/pleasure。

 

02 维吾尔族

原文

维吾尔族(Uygur)是中国的一个少数民族。维吾尔族人喜欢喝奶茶，吃肉和用面粉烤制的馕(nang)。

他们有自己的语言和文字。他们的文学具有一种独特的民族风格，其中“阿凡提的故事”(the Story of Afanti) 中国各族人民的喜爱。

维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族，每逢节日和婚礼，他们都会邀请客人和他们一起跳传统民间舞蹈。他们的民歌优美动听，被广泛传唱。

参考翻译

The Uygur is a Chinese ethnic minority. Uygur people like to drink milk tea, eat meat and nang baked with flour.

They have their own spoken and written languages. Uygur literature is of a unique ethnic style, among which the Story of Afanti is favored by all ethnic groups in China.

Uygur people are good at singing and dancing. They will invite guests to join them in their traditional folk dance in festivals and wedding ceremonies. Their folk songs sound beautiful and are widely sung.

难点点拨

1.第2句中的定语“用面粉烤制的”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，用分词短语baked with flour来表达，表被动。

2.在第3句中，“语言”侧重指口头的，而“文字”则侧重指书面的，故该句可译为They have their own spoken and written languages。该句也可对应地译为 They have their own languages and characters。

3.在第4句中，“具有……风格”可用be of... style来表达;“其中……”可用among which引导的定语从句来表达，将前后两个分句连接起来，使分句间的语义关系更加紧密。

4.倒数第2句较长，后两个分句“每逢……”和“他们都会……”之间语义联系紧密，可合译为一个句子，第1个分句则单独另成一句。在“维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族”中，“能歌善舞”的施动者是“人”，而非“民族”,故需译为 The Uygur people are good at...。“每逢......”作状语，可译为 in festivals and wedding ceremonies，置于句末。

 

03 少数民族

原文

中国是一个统一的多民族国家，由56个民族组成。中国一直实行民族平等的政策。

在各个民族中，汉族人口最多，占全国总人口的91%以上。

其余的55个民族习惯上被称为少数民族。少数民族人口数量虽少，但地区分布很广，主要居住在西北、西南和东北等地。

蒙古族主要分布于内蒙古高原（Inner Mongolian Plateau ),被称为“草原民族(Grassland people)”；藏族主要分布于青藏高原，被称为“髙原之鹰”(Eagles of Plateau)。

千百年来，中国各族人民在不同的自然和社会历史条件下，形成了不同特色的风俗和习惯。

参考翻译

China, a united multi-ethnic nation, is comprised of 56 ethnic groups. China has always implemented the policy of equity among the many ethnic groups.

Among the 56 ethnic groups, the Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for more than 91% of the total. 

The other 55 ethnic groups are traditionally referred to as ethnic minorities. The ethnic minorities, though with a considerably small population, are distributed far and wide in China, and mostly live in the northwest, southwest and northeast. 

Inner Mongolians often called the “Grassland people”, are mainly distributed on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Tibetans distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are often called the "Eagles of Plateau".

For thousands of years, various customs and habits of different Chinese ethnic groups have been developed under different natural, social and historical conditions.

难点点拨

1. 多民族国家:可译为multi-ethnic nation。

2. 由...组成:可译为be comprised of或consist of。

3. 被称为...:即be referred to as...

4. 蒙古高原:可译为Mongolian Plateau。而Qinghai-Tibet Plateau意为“青藏高原”。

5.占全国总人口的91%以上:“占…比例”用词组account for来表达，译文中用现在分词accounting for作状语。

6. 分布很广:可译为be distributed far and wide。

7.在不同的自然和社会历史条件下:可译为under different natural, social and historical conditions