四级考试临近，为了帮助广大考生过级，特开辟新栏目，每天一篇翻译练习（选取最有可能考的翻译题材、段落），供大家日常练习用。

声明：押题只是练习翻译手感，积累话题词汇，练习常考句式结构，切勿迷信。

中国菜

01

中国菜举世闻名，而菜名更是诙谐有趣，妙趣横生，充满中国人的智慧。

很多菜名用字典雅瑰丽，充满吉祥喜庆之气，诸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龙须”，鸡蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“凤凰”，鸡爪称“凤爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。

不少菜名豪华气派，美不可言，有种汤叫“珍珠玛瑙(agate)翡翠汤”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。

一些含有祝贺或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹笋炒排骨是 “步步高升”。

有些菜名采用的是成语，萝卜丝上放根红辣椒表示“踏雪寻梅”。

参考翻译：

Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits/ fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people. 

Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”，egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called “white jade” and so on.

Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables. 

Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' .

Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.

难点点拨：

1.吉祥喜庆之气：full of auspicious and festive atmosphere

2.珍珠玛瑙翡翠汤：soup of pearl, agate and jade

3.步步高升：higher and higher

4.踏雪寻梅：looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow

中国菜

02

中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。

中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。

每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。

中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。

中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。

参考翻译:

Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. 

With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines".

Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. 

Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes in taste. 

The culture of Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a reputation home and abroad.

难点点拨：

1.第一句话的汉语由两个分句组成，句子较长，在译成英文时，可把它拆分成两句。“也指发源于中国的烹饪方式”可单独译成一句also refers to cooking styles originating from China，这样可以更好的体现两句的并列关系。

2.第二句话由三个分句组成。翻译时将“中国菜流派众多”译为主句，“历史悠久”用with a history of...来表达，“主要代表菜系有…”则用非限制性定语从句表示。这样可以使译文结构紧凑，句式多样。

3.第三句中的“风格各异”可以用be distinctive from表达，比用have different styles更地道。

4.在“中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳”中，“色、香、味俱佳”的英文翻译并没有逐字的对应，因而增译了combination，把汉语中暗含的意思完整地表达出来。

中国菜

03

中国是一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。

地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。

最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。

中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。

参考译文：

China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. 

Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. 

The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. 

Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.

难点点拨：

幅员辽阔 a vast territory

资源丰富 abundant resources

历史悠久 time-honored

民族、多民族 ethnics/multi-ethnics

独特的  unique

丰富菜肴 abundant dishes

地域菜系 Regional cuisines

地理环境 geographical environment

气候 climate

文化传统 cultural tradition

民族风俗 folk customs

经过悠久历史的发展 after long-history evolution

成形 take shape 

最有影响力的 the most influential

最具代表性的 the most representative

菜系 XX Cuisines

多种多样的烹饪方法 diversified cooking skills

以……方法区分的  be characterized by 

各有长处 each has its strong points/ each has its own advantages

以上就是今天的内容啦~

祝大家顺利过关！

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