中口翻译考前模拟训练02(英译中)
作者：杨瑛
来源：昂立教育
2010-03-09 13:28
中口翻译模拟训练专题
遇到不熟悉、不认识的词，在阅读部分可以通过猜测大意跨过去，但是在翻译部分，好多同学就卡住了，因为这个词很可能就是个关键词，不容易跨过，这里和我们阅读部分的词汇题有相通之处，原则就是耐心、不放弃，不要看到生词心就急，每个词都不是单独存在的，一定有语境、语意，要记住“瞻前顾后”，及时不能够精准的知道它的词义，但是一定可以推敲出它在这个语境下的合适用法，放在一整句话里流畅的表达出来。
翻译段落：
Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America, which falls on November 27th this year, are notoriously aggressive. Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted merchandise. Last year berserk bargain-hunters in the suburbs of New York City trampled a Wal-Mart employee to death. Despite the frenzy at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar in favour of online retailers—e-tailers, in the jargon. So this year Black Friday (so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year) also marks the start of many conventional retailers’ attempts to regain the initiative.
E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free. No wonder, then, that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort shrinks.
参考译文：
黑色星期五通常是美国假日消费季节的开端，今年的黑色星期五恰逢11月27日，场面异常火爆。有些人甚至天还没亮就排队，为了第一个抢到跳水价的商品。去年，纽约市郊沃尔玛超市的一名员工因为顾客疯抢打折商品而被踩伤致死。虽然人们对实体商店的热度不减，但经济衰退似乎加快了人们抛弃实体商店而偏爱网络零售的步伐。“网络零售”用行话来说，就是“电子零售商”。所以今年的黑色星期五（因为这一天能给商家带来的收益而得名）标志着传统实体零售商收回失地的第一炮。
电子商务在经济陷入低谷的时期能显示出一种特殊的吸引力，因为人们通过它可以轻而易举地货比三家。顾客有时可以避开当地的税收，且送货也常常免费。这就难怪当传统购物正在萎缩的时候，网上购物的热度依然在上升。
翻译点评：
sive：原意为咄咄逼人的，有进攻性的。这里很生动地描述出了人们抢购商品时的状态，可以翻译成：场面异常火爆。
2. heavily discounted merchandise: heavily 表示very,幅度大，因此大幅打折的商品，汉语里有一个对应的说法叫：跳水价。
k是狂暴战士的意思。这里和第一点一样，表示购物者蜂拥抢购的疯狂状态。
4 despite，表示让步：虽然的意思，同学们这里需要写清楚。
5 straitened times: straitened:straiten的过去分词。 straiten是使为难，使困难的意思。所以这里的straitened可以理解成distressed的意思， straitened times萧条的时期，经济苦难的时期。
长难句解析：
1.Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America, which falls on November 27th this year, are notoriouslyaggressive.
首句要翻好只有一点需要注意，顺序。先把主干拎出来：Shoppers on Black Friday are notoriouslyaggressive. 剩下的部分都在讲black friday，因此句中这个部分很长很复杂，先把它拎出来说清楚，句子马上简单清晰。
2.Despite the frenzy at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar in favor of online retailers—e-retailers, in the jargon.
Pace后接从句的处理，需要将从句意思前置；此外,英文中的名词结构翻成中文时建议改成动词结构，所以全句翻译为：然而，商场销售虽然火爆，但商场萧条之势却越演越烈，因为消费者正在弃实体商场转而投入在线零售商—行话叫电子零售商的怀抱。
3.So this year Black Friday (so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year) also marks the start of many conventional retailers’ attempts to regain the initiative.
Regain the initiative可理解为“收复失地”，该句翻译为：所以今年的黑色星期五（这样命名源于这一天应该是令商店该年盈利的日子）也标志着传统实体零售商收回失地的开始。
4.E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily.
Hold particular appeal 是很地道的表达，意为具有特别优势；it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily翻译为“货比三家”，简洁明了。所以全句翻译为：在经济大环境恶化的背景下，电子商务具有独特的优势：消费者可以轻松快捷的货比三家。
更多翻译技巧>>>
遇到不熟悉、不认识的词，在阅读部分可以通过猜测大意跨过去，但是在翻译部分，好多同学就卡住了，因为这个词很可能就是个关键词，不容易跨过，这里和我们阅读部分的词汇题有相通之处，原则就是耐心、不放弃，不要看到生词心就急，每个词都不是单独存在的，一定有语境、语意，要记住“瞻前顾后”，及时不能够精准的知道它的词义，但是一定可以推敲出它在这个语境下的合适用法，放在一整句话里流畅的表达出来。
翻译段落：
Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America, which falls on November 27th this year, are notoriously aggressive. Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted merchandise. Last year berserk bargain-hunters in the suburbs of New York City trampled a Wal-Mart employee to death. Despite the frenzy at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar in favour of online retailers—e-tailers, in the jargon. So this year Black Friday (so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year) also marks the start of many conventional retailers’ attempts to regain the initiative.
E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free. No wonder, then, that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort shrinks.
参考译文：
黑色星期五通常是美国假日消费季节的开端，今年的黑色星期五恰逢11月27日，场面异常火爆。有些人甚至天还没亮就排队，为了第一个抢到跳水价的商品。去年，纽约市郊沃尔玛超市的一名员工因为顾客疯抢打折商品而被踩伤致死。虽然人们对实体商店的热度不减，但经济衰退似乎加快了人们抛弃实体商店而偏爱网络零售的步伐。“网络零售”用行话来说，就是“电子零售商”。所以今年的黑色星期五（因为这一天能给商家带来的收益而得名）标志着传统实体零售商收回失地的第一炮。
电子商务在经济陷入低谷的时期能显示出一种特殊的吸引力，因为人们通过它可以轻而易举地货比三家。顾客有时可以避开当地的税收，且送货也常常免费。这就难怪当传统购物正在萎缩的时候，网上购物的热度依然在上升。
翻译点评：
sive：原意为咄咄逼人的，有进攻性的。这里很生动地描述出了人们抢购商品时的状态，可以翻译成：场面异常火爆。
2. heavily discounted merchandise: heavily 表示very,幅度大，因此大幅打折的商品，汉语里有一个对应的说法叫：跳水价。
k是狂暴战士的意思。这里和第一点一样，表示购物者蜂拥抢购的疯狂状态。
4 despite，表示让步：虽然的意思，同学们这里需要写清楚。
5 straitened times: straitened:straiten的过去分词。 straiten是使为难，使困难的意思。所以这里的straitened可以理解成distressed的意思， straitened times萧条的时期，经济苦难的时期。
长难句解析：
1.Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America, which falls on November 27th this year, are notoriouslyaggressive.
首句要翻好只有一点需要注意，顺序。先把主干拎出来：Shoppers on Black Friday are notoriouslyaggressive. 剩下的部分都在讲black friday，因此句中这个部分很长很复杂，先把它拎出来说清楚，句子马上简单清晰。
2.Despite the frenzy at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar in favor of online retailers—e-retailers, in the jargon.
Pace后接从句的处理，需要将从句意思前置；此外,英文中的名词结构翻成中文时建议改成动词结构，所以全句翻译为：然而，商场销售虽然火爆，但商场萧条之势却越演越烈，因为消费者正在弃实体商场转而投入在线零售商—行话叫电子零售商的怀抱。
3.So this year Black Friday (so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year) also marks the start of many conventional retailers’ attempts to regain the initiative.
Regain the initiative可理解为“收复失地”，该句翻译为：所以今年的黑色星期五（这样命名源于这一天应该是令商店该年盈利的日子）也标志着传统实体零售商收回失地的开始。
4.E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily.
Hold particular appeal 是很地道的表达，意为具有特别优势；it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily翻译为“货比三家”，简洁明了。所以全句翻译为：在经济大环境恶化的背景下，电子商务具有独特的优势：消费者可以轻松快捷的货比三家。
更多翻译技巧>>>
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