【读书笔记】《沉思录》卷六08
本书简介：
《沉思录》是古罗马皇帝奥勒留写给自己的书，内容大部分是他在鞍马劳顿中写成的。作品来自奥勒留对身羁宫廷的自己和自己所处混乱世界的感受，追求一种冷静而达观的生活。这部著作是斯多葛学派的一个里程碑，亦是温总理放在枕边，读了不下百遍的书。
本书原文由古希腊文而作，英文版选择比较权威的George Long的版本，中文版选择何怀宏的版本作参考。笔记中的英文释义摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
作者简介：
马可•奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲学家”，古罗马帝国皇帝，在希腊文学和拉丁文学、修辞、哲学、法律、绘画方面受过很好的教育，晚期斯多葛学派代表人物之一。奥勒留也许是西方历史上唯一的一位哲学家皇帝。他是一个比他的帝国更加完美的人，他的勤奋工作最终并没有能够挽救古罗马，但是他的《沉思录》却成为西方历史上的伟大名著。
卷六08
6.24 If the gods have determined about me and about the things which must happen to me, they have determined well, for it is not easy even to imagine a deity without forethought; and as to doing me harm, why should they have any desire towards that? For what advantage would result to them from this or to the whole, which is the special object of their providence? But if they have not determined about me individually, they have certainly determined about the whole at least, and the things which happen by way of sequence in this general arrangement I ought to accept with pleasure and to be content with them. But if they determine about nothing- which it is wicked to believe, or if we do believe it, let us neither sacrifice nor pray nor swear by them nor do anything else which we do as if the gods were present and lived with us- but if however the gods determine about none of the things which concern us, I am able to determine about myself, and I can inquire about that which is useful; and that is useful to every man which is conformable to his own constitution and nature. But my nature is rational and social; and my city and country, so far as I am Antoninus, is Rome, but so far as I am a man, it is the world. The things then which are useful to these cities are alone useful to me. Whatever happens to every man, this is for the interest of the universal: this might be sufficient. But further thou wilt observe this also as a general truth, if thou dost observe, that whatever is profitable to any man is profitable also to other men. But let the word profitable be taken here in the common sense as said of things of the middle kind, neither good nor bad.
Notes：
deity [n][countable] a god or goddess
6.25 Think continually that all kinds of men and of all kinds of pursuits and of all nations are dead, so that thy thoughts come down even to Philistion and Phoebus and Origanion. Now turn thy thoughts to the other kinds of men. To that place then we must remove, where there are so many great orators, and so many noble philosophers, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Socrates; so many heroes of former days, and so many generals after them, and tyrants; besides these, Eudoxus, Hipparchus, Archimedes, and other men of acute natural talents, great minds, lovers of labour, versatile, confident, mockers even of the perishable and ephemeral life of man, as Menippus and such as are like him. As to all these consider that they have long been in the dust. What harm then is this to them; and what to those whose names are altogether unknown? One thing here is worth a great deal, to pass thy life in truth and justice, with a benevolent disposition even to liars and unjust men.
Notes：
orator [n]a person who makes formal speeches in public or is good at public speaking
perishable [adj]likely to decay or go bad quickly
ephemeral [adj] lasting or used for only a short period of time
先尝试自己翻译一下吧，参考译文见下：
中文翻译：
6.24 如果神灵对于我，对于必须发生于我的事情，都已经做出了决定，那么他们的决定便是恰当的，因为即便想像一个没有远见的神都是不容易的。至于说加给我伤害，为什么他们会打算那样做呢？因为，那样做对他们，或者对作为他们特别眷顾的对象的整体，会产生什么好处呢？但假如他们对我并没有做出个别决定，他们也一定至少对整体做出了决定，在这个总的安排里依次发生的事情，我应该欣然接受，并且满足。但如果他们完全没有决定－相信这个，乃是一件犯罪的事情，如果我们真相信这个，就让我们不祭祀，也不祈祷，也不对他们发誓，也不做任何别的好像神灵在面前并且同我们生活在一起时我们所做的事情吧－但是，假如神灵没有决定任何牵涉到我们的事情，我就能决定我自己了，就能对有用的事物加以考究了；符合于一个人自己的和社会的，就我是安东尼来说，我的城市与国家是罗马；但就我是一个人来说，我的国家就是这个世界。因此，对于这些城市有用的，对我才是有用的。无论什么事情发生于每一个人，这是为了宇宙的利益的：这可能就足够了。但你要进一步把这视为一个普遍真理，如果你这样做了，那对于任何一个人都有用的东西也就对其他人是有用了。但是在此让"有用"这个词表示像通常说中性的东西那样的意义，也就是说既非好也非坏。
6.25 不断地思考，所有种类的人、所有种类的追求和所有的国家都消失了，以致你的思想甚至回溯到腓力斯逊、菲伯斯、奥里更尼安。现在把你的思想转向其他种类的人，转向那你必须退回的地方，那儿有如此多的雄辩家；如此多的高贵哲学家：赫拉克利特、毕达哥拉斯、苏格拉底；如此多的以前时代的英雄，如此多的追随他们的将军，以及暴君；除此之外，还有尤多克乌斯、希帕尔克斯、阿基米德和别的具有巨大天赋、胸襟博大、热爱劳作、多才多艺和充满自信的人，甚至那些嘲弄人的短暂和速朽生命的人，如门尼帕斯及类似于他的人。当想着所有这些时考虑他们都早已化为灰尘。那么，这对他们有什么损害呢，这对那名字完全被人忘地的人们有什么损害呢？在此只有一件事有很高的价值：就是真诚和正直地度过你的一生，甚至对说谎者和不公正的人也持一种仁爱的态度。