【读书笔记】《沉思录》卷五05
本书简介：
《沉思录》是古罗马皇帝奥勒留写给自己的书，内容大部分是他在鞍马劳顿中写成的。作品来自奥勒留对身羁宫廷的自己和自己所处混乱世界的感受，追求一种冷静而达观的生活。这部著作是斯多葛学派的一个里程碑，亦是温总理放在枕边，读了不下百遍的书。
本书原文由古希腊文而作，英文版选择比较权威的George Long的版本，中文版选择何怀宏的版本作参考。笔记中的英文释义摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
作者简介：
马可•奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲学家”，古罗马帝国皇帝，在希腊文学和拉丁文学、修辞、哲学、法律、绘画方面受过很好的教育，晚期斯多葛学派代表人物之一。奥勒留也许是西方历史上唯一的一位哲学家皇帝。他是一个比他的帝国更加完美的人，他的勤奋工作最终并没有能够挽救古罗马，但是他的《沉思录》却成为西方历史上的伟大名著。
卷五05
5.9 Reason and the reasoning art (philosophy) are powers which are sufficient for themselves and for their own works. They move then from a first principle which is their own, and they make their way to the end which is proposed to them; and this is the reason why such acts are named catorthoseis or right acts, which word signifies that they proceed by the right road.
Notes：
catorthoseis 词典中似乎没有这个词，不过不妨碍我们理解其意思，就是“right acts”。
5.9 None of these things ought to be called a man's, which do not belong to a man, as man. They are not required of a man, nor does man's nature promise them, nor are they the means of man's nature attaining its end. Neither then does the end of man lie in these things, nor yet that which aids to the accomplishment of this end, and that which aids towards this end is that which is good. Besides, if any of these things did belong to man, it would not be right for a man to despise them and to set himself against them; nor would a man be worthy of praise who showed that he did not want these things, nor would he who stinted himself in any of them be good, if indeed these things were good. But now the more of these things a man deprives himself of, or of other things like them, or even when he is deprived of any of them, the more patiently he endures the loss, just in the same degree he is a better man.
Notes：
despise [v]~ somebody/something (not used in the progressive tenses): to dislike and have no respect for somebody/something
近义词辨析：
These words all mean to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something.
hate to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something. Although hate is generally a very strong verb, it is also commonly used in spoken or informal English to talk about people or things that you dislike in a less important way, for example a particular type of food: He hates violence in any form. ◇ I've always hated cabbage.
dislike (rather formal) to not like somebody/something. Dislike is a rather formal word; it is less formal, and more usual, to say that you don't like somebody/something, especially in spoken English: I don't like it when you phone me so late at night.
can't stand (rather informal) used to emphasize that you really do not like somebody/something: I can't stand his brother. ◇ She couldn't stand being kept waiting.
despise to dislike and have no respect for somebody/something: He despised himself for being so cowardly.
can't bear used to say that you dislike something so much that you cannot accept or deal with it: I can't bear having cats in the house.
can't stand or can't bear?
In many cases you can use either word, but can't bear is slightly stronger and slightly more formal than can't stand.
stint [n]~(as something) a period of time that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity.
先尝试自己翻译一下吧，参考译文见下：
中文翻译：
5.9 理智和推理艺术（哲学）对于它们自身和自身的工作是一种自足的力量。它们是从一个属于它们自己的第一原则起动的，它们开辟它们的道路直到那规定给它们的终点；这就是为什么这种活动被称为正确活动的原因，这个词表示它们是沿着正确的道路行进的。
5.10 这些事物决不应当被称为是一个人的东西，它们不属于一个作为人的人。它们不需要人，人的本性也不允诺产生它们，它们也不是人的本性达到其目的的手段。因而人的目的并不在这些事物之中，那有助于达到这一目的的东西也不在这些事物之中，帮助对准这一目的的东西就是那好的东西。此外，如果这些事情中有什么确属于人，一个人轻视和反对它们就是不对的，那表现出他不想要这些事情的人也就不值得赞扬，如果这些事物的确是好的，那么不介入它们的人也就不是好的。但是现在，一个人使自己丧失这些事物或类似事物愈多，甚至他被剥夺这些事物，他倒愈能耐心地忍受这损失，并在同样的程度上是一个更好的人。