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the journal Environmental Science and Technology
polyester and acrylic
Swirls of trashed plastic litter the seven seas. But it's not the enormous plastic patches that pose the biggest pollution problem. Instead it's bits of plastic less than one millimeter in size. Such microplastic litters shorelines like grains of sand, floats in the open ocean and even sinks down to the deep sea. And sampling the microplastic on shorelines reveals that most of it comes from sewage. That's according to an analysis in the journal Environmental Science and Technology. But how did the microplastic get in the sewage in the first place? Most of the particles were plastics commonly used in clothes—polyester and acrylic. Similar levels of such particles were found in the discharge from nearby sewage treatment plants. And that means most of the microplastics were coming from our washing machines. Fleece is the worst shedder. But various plastic-based garments can lose more than 1,900 fibers per wash. The solution may be to add better filters, either to washing machines or to the sewage treatment plants that deal with all the wash water. Otherwise, all that plastic ends up stored in cells of sea life. And that's not very clean.
洗衣机的废水把塑料颗粒物带进了海洋，从而威胁着海洋生物的生命安全。 含有塑料颗粒的废水被随便的排放到了七大洋。但并不是塑料颗粒越大污染问题就越严重。恰恰是那些小于一毫米的塑料颗粒比较令人头痛啊。 看上去和细沙颗粒差不多的这些微型塑料颗粒被丢弃在海岸上，漂浮在浩瀚的海洋上，甚至沉淀到深海中。提取海岸上的微型颗粒物样本进行分析后发现，它们大部分来自于废水。这是最近发表在环境科学与技术期刊上的一项分析得出的结论。 但是这些微型塑料颗粒是如何进入排放的污水中的呢？大部分的颗粒物来源于衣服布料中普遍使用的两类化合物——聚酯纤维（涤纶）和丙烯酸酯。如果海域附近的污水处理厂中排放的废水中也能检测到同样浓度的这类颗粒物。这就意味着这些微型塑料颗粒物来自于洗衣机。 莫非羊毛是始作俑者~但各种含塑料成分的衣服每次洗涤都能损失超过1900条纤维。不管是对洗衣机还是污水处理厂，只要是处理洗涤用水都应该添加适当的有效的过滤装置也许能解决这个问题吧。 否则，如果这些塑料颗粒沉积在海洋生物的细胞里，就不好办了~~ —David Biello ---------------------------------by hyjtb