英语从句语法:从句的改写方法
1.用“连词+分词”来替代从句
当主句和从句的主语一致,谓语的时态又是同时段发生,可以把从句的主语省去,变谓语动词为现在分词或过去分词。如果分词的逻辑或时间意义不明确,还可以保留连词。
例1:Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats.
例2:While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality.
例3:Plastics are materials which are softened by heat and set into lasting form when shaped in a mold.
注:如果从句的谓语是系动词be,在简化句型时应该把be动词改成being,但是由于being语义意义,所以可以省略,这样就造成了形容词作状语了。
例1:These apples, when ripe, are picked.
例2:She knows all the hazards of smoking while pregnant.
2. 用“介词+分词”来替代从句
一般说来,用on和at表示“as soon as, once”。on后面常接“来、去”之类的词,at后面常接“听到、看到”之类的词。in后面接其他带动作的词,相对于从属连词“while”。
例1:On removing them he was stunned to see that the plates were fogged where the crystals had covered them.
例2:In running down the stairs, I heard the clock struck twelve.
例3:He jumped with joy at hearing the news.
3. 用“介词+动作性名词”来替代从句
同上面一样,At基本上后接sound,sight“听到、看到”之类的词;on接“回来、到达”之类的词;用in,during表示“when, while”;用over表示“while”之意。当然,这一切都是相对的分类。
例1:The little girl passed out at sight of a snake.
例2:In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way.
例3:On arrival at the railway station, he found the train had already left.
例4:He had intended to go, but on second thoughts, he gave up the idea.
例5:During my absence, would you please take care of my cat?
例6:He fell asleep over a book.
例7:After reelection he announces that he will not help.
例8:After graduation, he went to America for his PhD studies.
4. 用“并列句”代替
例句:Two other poses were tried and I emerged from the booth to find a lot people waiting for my signatures.