5. Create mental associations.
5. 创造精神联系

You can shorten your learning time by creating mental associations to link what you already know to new information. Techniques such as using a familiar acronym or rhyme to help you remember different types of marketing sequences, using favorite colors to help you remember algorithms or visualizing something interesting about a client to help you remember their name are all ways for you to create mental associations.
你可以通过创造精神联系来缩短自己的学习时间,把已知的信息与新信息相连。使用熟悉的缩写或规律来帮助自己记忆不同类型的营销序列,用你最喜欢的颜色记忆算法,或者把关于客户的一些有趣的东西可视化,帮助自己记住他们的名字,这些技巧都是在创造精神联系。

The more mental association techniques you know how to employ, the easier it will be for you to increase your learning speed.
你懂得的精神联系技巧越多,提高自己的学习速度就会越轻松。

6. Exercise your brain.
6. 锻炼你的大脑

A brain is just like any muscle in your body -- the more you exercise it, the more effective it becomes. Try learning something new, set yourself a new challenge or use fun resources like BrainHQ and Lumosity to increase your attention, memory, cognitive abilities and brain speed. The more you train and exercise your brain, the faster your learning will be.
大脑就像你身体中的其他肌肉一样,你越是锻炼它,它就越是有效。尝试学习一些新东西,给自己建立新的挑战或是用一些有趣的资源,像是BrainHQ和Lumosity来提高你的注意力、记忆力、认知能力和大脑反应速度。你进行的脑训练越多,你就会学的越快。

7. Listen to alpha state-inducing music.
7. 聆听保持最佳状态的音乐

We have four major types of brainwave patterns: alpha, beta, theta and delta. Out of these, the alpha state (approximately eight to 13 Hz) is where our concentration is best and peak learning is easily achieved.
我们的脑电波模式分为四大类:α,β,θ和δ。在这些模式中,α状态(大约8到13赫兹之间)是我们精力最为集中、最容易达到学习峰值的状态。

You can help your brain to enter into the alpha state by listening to music with a beat of eight to 13 Hz (such as baroque music) while you are learning. Even if you don’t like baroque music, you can use other types of music with similar beats. Try to avoid music with singing as lyrics can be distracting.
你可以通过在学习时听一些拍子在8到13赫兹的音乐(如巴洛克音乐)来帮助自己的大脑进入α状态。即使你不喜欢巴洛克音乐,也可以用其他类型相似节拍的音乐。尽量避免有歌词的音乐,它们会分散注意力。

8. Modified practice after six hours.
8. 6小时后进行修正训练

Malcolm Gladwell first popularized the concept of deliberate practice in his book "Outliers: The Story of Success." Deliberate practice is practicing with intentional focus on skill improvement and focusing on growing out of one’s comfort zone. In his book, Gladwell uses the concept of deliberate practice to explain why some athletes and musicians improve so much faster than others.
马尔科姆·格拉德威尔在他的书籍《出类拔萃的人:成功的故事》中首度推广了刻意练习的概念。刻意练习是指专注于技能的提高以及走出舒适区。在他的书中,格拉德威尔通过刻意练习的概念来解释为什么有些运动员和音乐家会比其他人提高的更快。

More recent research has found that by modifying your practice slightly, you increase your learning speed, especially if you are trying to learn motor skills. This is because the process of modifying your practice supports brain reconsolidation where existing memories are strengthened with new knowledge. The ideal time to do your modified practice is six hours after your first practice as the brain takes about six hours to do its reconsolidation work.
最近的一项研究发现,通过轻微的修正练习,你可以提高自己的学习速度,尤其是如果你想学习运动技巧。这是因为修正练习的过程会帮助大脑巩固现有记忆,并强化新知识。修正练习的理想时间是第一次练习的6小时之后,因为大脑要花大约6个小时去进行巩固。

9. Get hands-on experience.
9. 获得实践经验

Nothing beats learning like actual hands-on experience. Textbook knowledge transforms into something much more useful when we can combine it with practical knowledge.
没有什么比实际动手学的更好。书本知识与实践知识相结合时,可以转化成更有用的东西。

For example, you can read as much as you want about share investing but until you actually buy your first shares of stock, you won’t understand what the process actually entails and what it is like to put real money on the line.
例如,你可以读尽可能多的股票投资,但直到你真的买第一支股票之前,你不会明白这个过程实际上到底需要什么,以及把钱放在风险之中是什么样的感觉。

Another alternative is to fully immerse yourself in the experience of learning. For example, if you were trying to learn Spanish, spend a few months living in Mexico and don’t allow yourself to use any English while you are there. You will pick up the language a lot quicker than using audiobooks and textbooks.
另一个选择是把自己充分沉浸在学习经验中。比如,如果你想学西班牙语,那就在墨西哥住几个月,并且不让自己用英语。你会比使用有声读物和教材更快地学会这门语言。

10. Teach someone else what you are learning.
10. 把自己所学教给其他人

When you teach someone else what you are learning, you retain approximately 90 percent of what you have just learned, especially if you do this immediately after learning it yourself.
当你把自己所学教给别人,你会记住大约90%所学到的知识,尤其是学完之后立刻这么做。

By sharing your knowledge with someone else, not only are you helping someone else but you will also discover quickly how well you know your subject and discover any gaps.
通过把自己的知识分享给别人,你不但帮助了其他人,同时也发现了自己对学科的掌握程度,以及差距在哪里。

Build these ten habits into your learning and you will be amazed how quickly your learning speed will increase.
在学习中建立这十个习惯,你会惊讶于自己的学习速度会有如此快速的提高。

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