在英语中,副词用于修饰形容词以及副词。程度副词,顾名思义,就是对一个形容词或副词在程度上加以限定或者修饰的副词,告诉读者某事发生的频率高低。在英语中许许多多的程度副词,让我们看几个例子。(以程度副词的频率从高到低排序)

always - He always does his homework.
他总是写作业。

usually - They usually complete the work on time.
他们通常及时完成工作。

often - I often watch movies online.
我经常在线看电影。

sometimes - Jack sometimes comes over for dinner.
杰克有时候会过来吃晚餐。

occasionally - She occasionally asks a question.
她偶尔问问题。

rarely - They rarely have any homework.
他们很少有作业。

never - I never complain at work.
我从不抱怨工作。

学习了几个程度副词,那么问题来了。程度副词在句子里的位置是怎么样的呢?这需要我们分情况讨论。

1.如果句子里有谓语动词(不包含助动词),则把程度副词放在主谓之间

结构:主语+程度副词+谓语动词

Tom usually goes to work by car.
汤姆通常开车去上班。

Mary often asks me for help.
玛丽经常向我求助。

2.放在be动词之后

结构:主语+be+程度副词

Tom is often late.
汤姆经常迟到。

Anne isn't usually sick.
安妮通常不会生病。

Peter isn't always right.
彼特并非永远正确。

注意:如果我们把程度副词放在省略句中,则该结构不成立。

Is she usually on time?
她通常都准时吗?

Yes, she usually is.
是的,她通常都是。

She never is.
她从不是。

口语中还有其他的习惯表达,也不必要遵循上述结构。

What are you doing here? Shouldn't you be at school?
你怎么在这儿?你不应该在学校吗?

I normally am at school at this time, but my teacher is ill.
通常这时候我应该在学校,但是老师生病了。

3.如果句中有多个动词(包含助动词),则把程度副词放在谓语结构的第一个动词之后

结构:主语+助动词或情态动词+程度副词+主动词

I can never remember his name.
我总是记不住他的名字。

Anne doesn't usually smoke.
安妮通常不吸烟

The children have often complained about the playground facilities.
孩子们经常抱怨游乐场设施。

但在have to句型中存在例外。

结构:主语+程度副词+have to+主动词

We often have to wait for the bus.
我们经常要等公车。

She never has to do any housework.
她从不需要做家务。

4.省略句中可以把程度副词放在句首或句末(但通常较少放在句末)

结构1:程度副词+主语+主动词

Sometimes we go to school by bus.
有时我们乘公交车去上学。

Often he waits for her after class.
他经常在课后等她。

Usually Peter arrives early for work.
通常彼特很早来上班。

结构2:主语+主动词+程度副词

We go to school by bus sometimes.
有时我们乘公交车去上学。

They like to watch TV often.
他们经常喜欢看电视。

注意:always不能用于句首或句尾;never, seldom, rarely不用于句尾,且用于句首时常用于表达看法或观点。

Never has there been a better time to overcome our differences.
不会再有比这个更好的时机来克服我们的不同。

Rarely do we have an opportunity like this.
我们很少会遇到这样一个机会。

5.在问句中,把程度副词放在主动词前

结构:助动词+主语+程度副词+主动词

Do you often go to the cinema?
你经常去电影院吗?

Did he sometimes leave the classroom?
他有时会离开教室吗?

注意:never, seldom, rarely等带有否定意思的程度副词通常少用于问句。

6.在否定句中,把程度副词放在主动词前

结构:主语+助动词+程度副词+主动词

They don't often go to the cinema.
他们不常去电影院。

Peter doesn't normally want to come with us.
彼特通常不想来找我们。

注意:never, seldom, rarely等带有否定意思的程度副词通常没有否定形式。

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