Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A

Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture. Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should only be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals.

The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional "roller coaster" they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate (犹豫不定)between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging.

Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense of a greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situations.

The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play into these are personality, language ability, length of stay, and the emotional support received.

It is logical to think that when people are deprived of their familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented. One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home. Pictures, wall hangings, favorite utensils, and keepsakes(纪念品)are all good candidates to make things feel more familiar. Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time. Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture. This will make people feel more at home.

47. According to the 1st paragraph, experts have interests in ________________.
48. Emotional "roller coaster" refers to ________________.
49. When entering a new culture, the problems people face are ________________.
50. Coping with new situations may result in ________________.
51. According to the author, the more effective way to solve "cultural shock" is ________________.

Section A
47. culture shock's effects on people
文章第一段第二句中的 these effects 指的就是文章首句中的 effect, 由此可知专家对文化冲击带来的影响感兴趣，所以答案应为 culture shock's effects on people。
48. unsteady feeling toward a new culture
文章第二段第二句指出，旅行者对陌生文化的态度一会儿积极一会儿消极，并形象地将这种变化比做坐过山车，由此可知本题答案应为 unsteady feeling toward a new culture。
49. emotional "roller coaster" and fatigue
由文章第三段第一句可知，疲劳是谈么接触新文化时面临的一个问题。再由句中的 another 可知，他们还面临一个问题，即前文提到的 emotional "roller coaster"，所以答案应为 emotional "roller coaster" and fatigue
50. mental fatigue
由文章第三段最后一句 This mental fatigue comes from... 可知， coping with new situations 可能导致精神疲劳。
51. fitting some past regular routine into the new culture
文章最后一段指出，One solution...is to...Another helpful activity is to...Even better is... 由此可知，这三个方案中最有效的是最后一个，总结后可得出答案，即 fitting some past regular routine into the new culture